European Scientific Journal, ESJ

A Quantum-Safe, Interoperable and Decentralized Payment Infrastructure for the Post-Classical Era as a Strategic Framework for Secure Global Transactions

Md Abul Mansur — 2025-06-25

The rise of quantum computing introduces a profound threat to existing digital security frameworks, particularly those that underpin modern payment systems. Current cryptographic standards such as RSA, ECC, and ECDSA are susceptible to being broken by quantum algorithms like Shor's and Grover's, jeopardizing the confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity of transactions across financial networks. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the design, feasibility, and architecture of a universal quantum-safe payment platform capable of processing all types of digital transactions - ranging from mobile money and bank transfers to blockchain-based and card payments - through existing delivery channels on a decentralized infrastructure. The research synthesizes current developments in post-quantum cryptography (PQC), including lattice-based, hash-based, and code-based algorithms, and evaluates their suitability for real-time financial systems. Drawing from real-world case studies such as BIS Project Tourbillon and central bank trials, the paper explores the technical and regulatory challenges of integrating PQC into payment ecosystems. The proposed platform incorporates a permissioned distributed ledger, API-level compatibility with legacy financial protocols, and an identity-governed, modular architecture that enables cryptographic agility and policy compliance.Through architectural modeling and critical analysis, this research provides a forward-looking blueprint for building quantum-resilient financial infrastructure. It concludes that while performance and governance hurdles remain, quantum-safe payment networks are both technically feasible and urgently necessary. This work aims to equip stakeholders - especially fintech firms, banks, and regulatory bodies - with a detailed roadmap for transitioning to secure, interoperable, and scalable payment systems in the quantum era.

Analyse des actions publiques d’identification et maintien du risque d’apatridie dans le Département de Téhini (Côte d’Ivoire)

Yeboua Denis Kouadio — 2025-06-24

Dans les Etats modernes, les documents d’identité sont essentiels pour accéder à des droits fondamentaux. En Côte d’Ivoire, la fin de la crise post-électorale de 2010, a été marquée par une volonté manifeste des nouvelles autorités à apporter une réponse à la question identitaire qui jusque-là cristallisait des tensions dans le pays. Dans cette optique, l’Etat, parfois soutenu par des partenaires au développement ont mis en œuvre un ensemble de mesures de facilitation des populations à l’accès des documents d’identité. Malgré ces actions, une étude de cartographie des personnes à risque d’apatridie en Côte d’Ivoire en date de 2019 montre que le département de Téhini abrite le nombre de risque d’apatridie le plus élevé du pays estimé à 15 884, près de 36,14% de la population de la localité. Ainsi, à travers une approche qualitative combinant, l’observation, la recherche documentaire et l’analyse thématique des corpus de textes issus entretiens transcrits, cette étude examine la structuration de la persistance de la citoyenneté locale sans document d’identité juridique dans ce département. Les résultats révèlent que les actions publiques de lutte contre le risque d’apatridie, l’asymétrie d’information sur les procédures d’audience foraine et la marginalisation territoriale dans la mise en œuvre des actions publiques de facilitation à l’accès des documents d’identité structurent le maintien du recours à la citoyenneté locale sans document d’identité dans le département de Téhini.

In modern states, identity documents are essential for access to fundamental rights. In Côte d'Ivoire, the end of the post-electoral crisis in 2010 was marked by a clear determination on the part of the new authorities to find a solution to the question of identity, which until then had crystallized tensions in the country. With this in mind, the State, sometimes supported by development partners, implemented a series of measures to facilitate access to identity documents for the population. Despite these actions, a mapping study of people at risk of statelessness in Côte d'Ivoire dated 2019 shows that Téhini department is home to the highest number of stateless people in the country, estimated at 15,884, nearly 36.14% of the locality's population. Thus, through a qualitative approach combining observation, documentary research and manual thematic analysis of text corpora from transcribed interviews, this study examines the structuring of the persistence of local citizenship without legal identity documents in this department. The results reveal that public actions to combat the risk of statelessness, asymmetric information on mobile court procedures and territorial marginalization in the implementation of public actions to facilitate access to identity documents structure the continued use of local citizenship without identity documents in Téhini department.

The Mediating Role of Engagement and Culture in the Relationship Between Paternalism, Organizational Identification, and Voice Behavior

Hala Allouzi — 2025-06-24

This study investigates the mediating effects of work engagement and organizational culture on the relationships between paternalistic leadership, organizational identification, and voice behavior among managers in Jordanian shareholding industrial companies. The research population comprises 3,612 top and middle-level managers across 239 companies, as identified through data from the Jordanian Ministry of Industry and Trade. A large enterprise is defined as having 500 or more employees. Employing a stratified random sampling technique, a minimum required sample size of 347 managers was determined. Of the 400 distributed questionnaires, 347 were returned, and 318 were deemed valid for analysis, resulting in a usable response rate of 79.5%. The study applied a quantitative research design and utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS software for data analysis. The results of the study revealed several significant relationships. First, paternalistic leadership was found to have a positive and direct effect on both organizational identification and voice behavior. Additionally, cultural values demonstrated a significant and positive direct influence on organizational identification as well as on voice behavior. Similarly, work engagement exhibited a positive and direct impact on organizational identification and voice behavior. Moreover, the study identified important mediating effects. Cultural values were shown to mediate the positive relationship between paternalistic leadership and organizational identification, as well as between paternalistic leadership and voice behavior. Likewise, work engagement served as a mediator in the relationship between paternalistic leadership and both organizational identification and voice behavior, reinforcing the role of engagement in strengthening leadership outcomes.