Influence Du Mode De Culture Du Maïs [Zea Mays (L.) (Poaceae)] Et Du Niébé [Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp (Fabaceae)] Sur La Masse Et La Qualité Nutritionnelle Des Graines Des Deux Espèces

Abstract

Cowpea cultivars C1, C2 and C3 were intercropped with maize in intraline pattern (MND); inter-line pattern (1M1C) and strip-intercropping (2M4C) to determine influence of the cultivation method on the mass of 100 seeds and the nutritional quality of the seeds. Pure maize and cowpea crops were used as control plots. One hundred (100) seeds mass and nutrient content of maize and cowpea seed was determined. The results showed that 100 seeds mass (22,59g in 2015 and 21,03g in 2016) and the highest level of protein (9,87g in 2015 and 11,13g in 2016) maize seeds have been obtained with MC1I. Phosphorus levels were higher with maize seeds from sole maize fertilized MV+P (0,27g in 2015 and 0,25g in 2016). However the 2M4C1 intercropping 2M4C1 (0,24g in 2015 and 0,23 in 2016), 2M4N3 (0,24g in 2015 and 0,25g in 2016) and 1M1C3 (0,24g in 2015 and 0,24g in 2016) may be recommended for their phosphorus content in maize seeds. The 2M4C1 intercropping (12,29g in 2015 et 13,05g in 2016) expressed the highest mass of 100 seeds of cowpea. Intercropping using 2M4C3 can be recommended for improved fat content (1,27g in 2015 and 1,38g in 2016) and phosphorus (200,36g in 2015 and 200,33g in 2016) in cowpea seeds.