Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial Activity And Acute Oral Toxicity Of Aqueous And Ethanolic Extracts Of Harrisonia Abyssinica (Rutaceae) Leaf: Wild Plant Used In Benin Pharmacopeia
Keywords:
Wistar rats, bacterial strains, oral toxicity, Harrisonia abyssinica
Abstract
Harrisonia abyssinica is a wild plant with multiple therapeutic properties used in traditional medicine in Benin. This study aimed at evaluating the preliminary phytochemical screening of large groups of secondary metabolites, antibacterial activity and acute oral toxicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of H. abyssinica leaves. Antibacterial activity evaluation was doing by microdilution method on bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp and Vibrio cholerae). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined using Iodonitrotetrazolium salt as revelator. Wistar rats were used for acute oral toxicity test in which single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic and aqueous extract were administered; the control group received distilled water. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of gallic tannins, alkaloids, reducing sugar, coumarins, quinones, steroids, terpene and saponosides. No toxicity was observed in rats. The LD50 obtained was greater than 2000 mg / kg bw of rats. No macroscopic and histological abnormalities were seen in kidneys and liver analyzes. Ethanolic extract of H. abyssinica showed a better activity than aqueous extract with a MIC of 1.25 mg / mL compared to 5 mg / mL for aqueous extract.
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21. Organisation de coopération et développement économique (OCDE) Lignes directrices pour essais de produits chimiques. Section 4, Essai n0423. (Adopté le 17décembre 2001).
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24. Rasekh, H.R., Pardis, N., Kamli-Nejad, M. et Hosseinzadeh, L. (2008). Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Galega Officinalis in Rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 116 (1): 21‑26.
Rebecca, M.A., Ishii-Iwamoto, E.L., Renata, G., Roberto, K.N.C., Caparroz-Assef, S.M., Palazzo de Mello, J.C. et Bersani-Amado, C.A. (2002). Toxicological Studies on Stryphnodendron Adstringens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 83 (1‑2): 101‑4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00219-2.
26. Rodríguez Vaquero, M.J., Tomassini Serravalle, L.R., Manca de Nadra, M.C. et Strasser de Saad AM. (2010). Antioxidant Capacity and Antibacterial Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Argentinean Herbs Infusions. Food Control 21 (5): 779‑85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.10.017.
27. Rojas, A., Hernandez, L., Pereda-Miranda, R. et Mata, R. (1992). Screening for Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Drug Extracts and Pure Natural Products from Mexican Medicinal Plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 35 (3): 275‑83. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(92)90025-M.
28. Shendge, P.N. et Belemkar, S. (2019). Acute and 28-Day Oral Toxicity Studies of Methanolic Extract of Lagenaria Siceraria (Cucurbitaceae) Fruit in Rats. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 1(9). https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2019.1617302.
29. Sina, H., Baba Moussa, F., Ahoyo, T.A., Mousse, W., Anagonou, S. et Gbenou, J.D. Preacute, v. G, Kotchoni, S.O. et Baba Moussa, L. (2011). Antibiotic susceptibility and toxins production of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples from Benin. African Journal of Microbiology Research 5 (18): 2797‑2803. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR11.782.
30. Yu, H., Lei, Z., Lin, L., Chengjian, Z., Lei, G., Wenchao, I., Peixin, S. et Luping, Q. (2010). Recent Developments and Future Prospects of Antimicrobial Metabolites Produced by Endophytes. Microbiological Research 165 (6): 437‑49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2009.11.009.
31. Zahar, J.R. et Lesprit, P. (2014). Management of Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Endemic. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses 44
2. Atindehou, M. (2012). Caractérisation structurale et biologique de nouveaux agents antibactériens naturels actifs dans les infections intestinales: des peptides de la chromogranine A et des principes actifs de Chromolaena odorata. PhD thesis, Université de Strasbourg, p 422.
3. Bene, K., Djeneb, C., N’Guessan, B.Y.F. et Guede, N. Z. (2015). Étude ethnobotanique, activité antifongique in vitro sur Candida albicans et toxicité sur les cellules HFF de Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. (Simaroubaceae), une plante de la pharmacopée ivoirienne. Journal of Applied Biosciences 94 (1): 8815. https://doi.org/10.4314/jab.v94i1.4.
4. Béné, K., Coulibaly, K., N’Guessan, B.Y., Kanga, Y.i et Guédé, N. (2017). Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. (Simaroubaceae), Plant with Multiple Therapeutic Uses: Botanical Study, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Evaluation. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research 8(3): 13.
5. Bolou, G., Bagré, I., Ouattara, K. et Djaman, A.J. (2011). Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of 14 Medicinal Plants in Côte d’Ivoire. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 10 (3). https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v10i3.3.
6. Cowan, M.M. (1999). Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 12 (4): 564‑82. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.12.4.564.
Daglia. (2012). Polyphenols as antimicrobial agents. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 23 (2): 174‑81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2011.08.007.
8. Damien, L., Soizic, P., Dennis, K., John, K., Jane, N., Sabrina, K.D., Vincent, D., Elisabeth, M., Bernard, B. et Florence, B. (2011). Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of medicinal plants traditionally used in the village of Kiohima, Uganda. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133 (850‑855): 6.
9. Delso, I., Tomás, T., Goti, A. et Merino, P. (2010). Synthesis of D-Arabinose-Derived Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidine, Indolizidine and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids.Total Synthesis of Hyacinthacine A2. Tetrahedron 66 (6): 1220‑27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2009.12.030.
10. Dorman, H.J.D. et Deans, S.G. (2000). Antimicrobial Agents from Plants: Antibacterial Activity of Plant Volatile Oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology 88 (2): 308‑16. https: //doi.org/ 10.1046/ j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x.
11. Etame-Loe, G., Ngoule, C.C., Mbome, B., Pouka, K., Ngene, J.P., Yinyang, J., Okalla, C., Ngaba, G.P. et Dibong, S.D. (2018). Contribution à l’étude des plantes médicinales et leurs utilisations traditionnelles dans le département du Lom et Djerem (Est, Cameroun). Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 35(1): 5560-5578 http://www.m.elewa.org/JAPS; ISSN 2071-7024 1: 19.
12. Essawi, T. et Srour, M. (2000). Screening of some Palestinian medicinal plants for antibacterial activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 70 343–349
13. Hilaly, J., El Zafar, H.I. et Badiâa, L. (2004). Acute and Chronic Toxicological Studies of Ajuga Iva in Experimental Animals . Journal of Ethnopharmacology 91 (1): 43‑50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.11.009.
14. Houghton, P.J. et Raman, A. (1998). Laboratry Handbook for the Fractionation of Naturals Extracts. Editions Chapman and Hall first collection: New York.
15. Kong, Y., Yu-Jie, F., Yuan-Gang, Z., Fang-Rong, C., Yung-Husan, C., Xiao-Lei, L., Johannes, S. et Hans-Martin, S. (2010). Cajanuslactone, a New Coumarin with Anti-Bacterial Activity from Pigeon Pea [Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp.] Leaves. Food Chemistry 121 (4): 1150‑55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
Kuete, V., Metuno, R., Ngameni, B., Mbaveng, T.A, Ngandeu, F., Wabo, F.G. et Bezabih, M. (2007). Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanolic Extracts and Compounds from Treculia Obovoidea (Moraceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 112 (3): 531‑36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.04.010.
17. Morel, A.F., Maldaner, G., Vinicius, I., Missau, F., Ubiratan, F.S. et Ionara, I.D. (2005). Cyclopeptide Alkaloids from Scutia Buxifolia Reiss and Their Antimicrobial Activity. Phytochemistry., 66(21):2571‑76. https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem. 2005.08.016.
18. Mubo, A.S. et Osiyemi, O. A. (2012). Morphological and anatomical studies of two medicinal plants: Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. (Simaroubaceae) and Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. (Bignoniaceae) and their systematic significance. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 4(1):800-807.
19. Nenaah, G. (2010). Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of (Beta)-Carboline Alkaloids of Peganum Harmala (L) Seeds and Their Combination Effects. Fitoterapia 81 (7): 779‑82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2010.04.004.
20. Ogougbé, R., Aïtondji, L., Déléké - koko, I. et DJEGO, J. (2019). Valeurs ethnobotaniques, écologie et statut de conservation de Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. (Simaroubaceae) au Sud et au Centre de la République du Bénin. Afrique Science 15 (1): 417‑31.
21. Organisation de coopération et développement économique (OCDE) Lignes directrices pour essais de produits chimiques. Section 4, Essai n0423. (Adopté le 17décembre 2001).
22. Onzo, C.F., Azokpota, P., Dah-Nouvlessounon, D., Lehmane, T.H., Adjatin, A. et Baba-Moussa, L. (2016). Évaluation de l’activité antimicrobienne de quatre feuilles utilisées comme emballages dans l’artisanat agroalimentaire au Bénin. Journal of Applied Biosciences 95 (1): 9015. https://doi.org/10.4314/jab.v95i1.11.
23. Orhan, I., Berrin, Ö. et Şener, B. (2007). Antiviral and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Heterocyclic Compounds from Turkish Plants. In Bioactive Heterocycles V, édité par Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan, 11:303‑23. Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https:// doi.org/ 10.1007/ 7081_2007_072.
24. Rasekh, H.R., Pardis, N., Kamli-Nejad, M. et Hosseinzadeh, L. (2008). Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Galega Officinalis in Rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 116 (1): 21‑26.
Rebecca, M.A., Ishii-Iwamoto, E.L., Renata, G., Roberto, K.N.C., Caparroz-Assef, S.M., Palazzo de Mello, J.C. et Bersani-Amado, C.A. (2002). Toxicological Studies on Stryphnodendron Adstringens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 83 (1‑2): 101‑4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00219-2.
26. Rodríguez Vaquero, M.J., Tomassini Serravalle, L.R., Manca de Nadra, M.C. et Strasser de Saad AM. (2010). Antioxidant Capacity and Antibacterial Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Argentinean Herbs Infusions. Food Control 21 (5): 779‑85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.10.017.
27. Rojas, A., Hernandez, L., Pereda-Miranda, R. et Mata, R. (1992). Screening for Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Drug Extracts and Pure Natural Products from Mexican Medicinal Plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 35 (3): 275‑83. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(92)90025-M.
28. Shendge, P.N. et Belemkar, S. (2019). Acute and 28-Day Oral Toxicity Studies of Methanolic Extract of Lagenaria Siceraria (Cucurbitaceae) Fruit in Rats. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 1(9). https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2019.1617302.
29. Sina, H., Baba Moussa, F., Ahoyo, T.A., Mousse, W., Anagonou, S. et Gbenou, J.D. Preacute, v. G, Kotchoni, S.O. et Baba Moussa, L. (2011). Antibiotic susceptibility and toxins production of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples from Benin. African Journal of Microbiology Research 5 (18): 2797‑2803. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR11.782.
30. Yu, H., Lei, Z., Lin, L., Chengjian, Z., Lei, G., Wenchao, I., Peixin, S. et Luping, Q. (2010). Recent Developments and Future Prospects of Antimicrobial Metabolites Produced by Endophytes. Microbiological Research 165 (6): 437‑49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2009.11.009.
31. Zahar, J.R. et Lesprit, P. (2014). Management of Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Endemic. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses 44
Published
2022-01-31
How to Cite
Raïmantou Egbèyèmi, O., Ménonvè Cynthia, A., Razack, O., Rodrigue, H., Anatole, L., & Julien, D. (2022). Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial Activity And Acute Oral Toxicity Of Aqueous And Ethanolic Extracts Of Harrisonia Abyssinica (Rutaceae) Leaf: Wild Plant Used In Benin Pharmacopeia. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 18(3), 235. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n3p235
Section
ESJ Natural/Life/Medical Sciences
Copyright (c) 2022 Ogougbé Raïmantou Egbèyèmi, Atindéhou Ménonvè Cynthia, Osséni Razack, Hounguè Rodrigue, Lalèyè Anatole, Djégo Julien
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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