Modern and Contemporary Architecture Between Western and Arab Countries: A Review of Derivative Synonyms
Keywords:
Derivative Synonymy, Modernism, Contemporary Architecture, Synonymy, Semantic Field, Lexical Field
Abstract
The most common approaches to contemporary architecture are described as 'modern', yet the terms 'modern' and 'contemporary' possess different contextual weights, resulting in a difference in terminological synonymy. This research examines the phenomenon that emerged in the late twentieth century, processes its conflicts, and describes several interrelated implications for understanding modernity and contemporariness. This research discusses the confusion between contemporary and modernist architectural representation by analyzing Western and Arab visions. Furthermore, it explores the study with inductive logic that takes an analytical turn to analyze, compare, and explore the real causes of the problem. The research also aims to analyze the impact of modernism, the semantic evolution of 'modernity', and our arrival to the contemporary, considering neoliberalism and globalism. The research concluded that separating the idiomatic language from the architectural language is necessary. Furthermore, it found that contemporary ended as an architectural style and continued as a cultural movement.
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References
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37. Bowman, C. (2020). Modern vs. Contemporary Design: What’s the Difference?, My Move, Retrieved 24/10/2021 from: https://www.mymove.com/home-inspiration/decoration-design-ideas/modern-vs-contemporary-design-whats-difference.
38. Chauhan, J. (2018). Architecture, Modern Vs Contemporary; Same but Different, archinect, Retrieved from: https://archinect.com/cadoutsourcingservices/release/architecture-modern-vs-contemporary-same-but-different
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2. Bahnasi, A. (1997). Min Al-hadathat 'Iilaa Ma Baed Al-hadathat Fi Al-fan, Dar Al-Kitāb al-Arabi press. First edition. Damascus.
3. Bishel, D. (2017). A contemporary assessment of Thomas Kuhn: The detection of gravitational waves as a Kuhnian revolution, California State University Stanislaus, 1 University Circle, Turlock. CA 95382.
4. Bradshaw, D. and J. H. Dettmar, K. (2006). A Companion to Modernist Literature and Culture, Blackwell Publishing. UK. ISBN: 978-0-631-20435-0.
5. Bull, V. and Philips, P. (2006). Oxford Wordpower Dictionary, Oxford University Press. Third edition. ISBN: 0194399257, 9780194399258.
6. Dahabreh, S. (2020). Trends in the Contemporary Architecture of Amman, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology. ISSN 0974-3154, Vol. 13, Num. 7 (2020), pp. 1658-1670. © International Research Publication House. http://www.irphouse.com.
7. Friedman, A. (2021). Challenges and Opportunities of Contemporary Architecture, MDPI, ISSN: 2673-8945. Vol. 1(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/architecture1010002.
8. Graafland, A. (2012). Architecture, Technology & Design, Published by Digital Studio for Research in Design, Visualization and Communication. ISBN: 978-0-9564568-2-3.
9. Hadad, E. (2015). Ashkaliaat Al-Amara Al-Hadathia, Dar Al-Farabi and LAU press, first edition. Beirut. ISBN: 978-614-432-229-1.
10. Haddad, E. G. and Rifkind, D. (2016). A Critical History of Contemporary Architecture 1960-2010, Routledge. USA.
11. Ibn Manzur. M. (1968). Lisān al-ʻarab, Sader Press, Muǧallad 3, Volume 1, Beirut.
12. Ibrahim, H. G. (2013). “Contemporary architecture through the concept of regionalism: a sustainable approach for Doha – Qatar,” International Journal of Sustainable Human Development, 1(3), 94-103.
13. Iskandar, N. (1971). Muʿjam Almaeani Walmutaradif Walmutatalabat Walnaqid Min 'Asma' Wa'afeal Wataeabir, Alzaman Press.
14. Khalousi, M. M. (1997). Hasan Fathi, Silsilat Mashahir Al-fikr Al-handasii Al-miemari, Dar Kabes press. Beirut.
15. Kodeih, A. (2013). The Heritage and Modernism, a lecture at the Doctoral School of Literature, Humanities & Social Sciences. Lebanese University, Sin El Fil.
16. Konbr, U. (2016). “Smart Buildings and Sustainability in Egypt- Formularization of a Concept and a Methodology Establishing.” JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences. 44(4), pp. 472-501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2016.117613.
17. Konbr, U. (2019). “Smart Sustainable Cities—Vision and Reality.” Resourceedings. ISSN: 2537-074X - 2537-0731. Vol. 2(1), pp. 101-127. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i1.455.
18. Kuhn, T. (1970). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, volumes I and ii, foundations of the unity of science, The University of Chicago press LTD, second edition enlarged. London. ISBN: 9780226458113.
19. Kultermann, U. (1999). Contemporary Architecture in the Arab States, McGraw-Hill Companies. Inc. USA. ISBN: 0070368317, 9780070368316.
20. Lagane, R. (1997). Larousse Dictionnaire, Français – Français – Arabe, Librairie du Liban Editeurs SAL, Beyrouth. ISBN: 2-03-320144-9.
21. Lardinois, S. & Others, (2015). Contemporary Architecture in the Historic Environment: An Annotated Bibliography, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles. ISBN: 978-1-937433-26-0.
22. Latham, S. and Rogers, G. (2015). Modernism: Evolution of an Idea, Bloomsbury Academi, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. India. ISBN: HB: 978-1-4725-3124-7.
23. Lu, M. Fu, G. Osman, N. and Konbr, U. (2021). “Green Energy Harvesting Strategies on Edge-based Urban Computing in Sustainable Internet of Things.” Sustainable Cities and Society. ISSN: 2210-6707. Vol. 75, pp. 103349. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103349.
24. Maged, J. Rushdy, R. and Konbr, U. (2022). An Investigation into the Causes of Pedestrians' Walking Difficulties in Cairo Streets. Civil Engineering and Architecture. ISSN: 2332-1091 (P), 2332-1121 (E). Vol. 10(1), pp. 12-26. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.13189/cea.2022.100102.
25. Omar, A. (2008). Muʿjam al-Lugha al-ʿArabīya al-Muʿāṣira, Ālam al-kitāb press. Cairo. First edition. ISBN: 9772326264, 9789772326266.
26. Pile, J. & Gura, J. (2014). A History of Interior Design, Wiley. Fourth Edition. USA. ISBN 978-1-118-40351-8.
27. Reddy, W. (2017). The Paradox of Modernity: Current Debates and Their Implications for The Seventeenth Century. Modern Intellectual History, 14 (1), 217-256.
28. Spencer, D. (2016). The Architecture of Neoliberalism, Bloomsbury Academic, Digital Book. ISBN: 9781472581532.
29. Spurr, D. (2012). Architecture and Modern Literature, The University of Michigan Press, USA, ISBN 978-0-472-07171-5.
30. Thowaini, A. (2009). al-Amara al-Islamia, Sijalat fi al-Hadatha, Al-daar Al-Arabia Lileulum press, first volume. Algeria, ISBN-10: 9789953877426.
31. Tobolczyk, M. (2021). Contemporary Architecture: The Genesis and Characteristics of Leading Trends, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, UK. ISBN: 9781527570399.
32. Wagner, O. (1988). Modern Architecture, The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities, Santa Monica, CA 90401.
33. Wei, Z., Zandi, Y., Gholizadeh, M., Selmi, A., Roco-Videla, A., and Konbr, U. (2021). “On the Optimization of Building Energy, Material, and Economic Management using Soft Computing.” Advances in Concrete Construction. ISSN: 22875301 (P), 2287531X (E). Vol. 11(6), pp. 455-468. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2021.11.6.455.
34. Al-Sayed, W. (2017). Waqie al- Imara al-ʿArabīya al-Muʿāṣira, al-Watan newspaper, Retrieved 5/4/2020 from: https://alwatan.com/details/207676.
35. Baldwin, E. Modern Morocco: Building a New Vernacular, Archdaily, Retrieved 17/5/2022 from https://www.archdaily.com/929075/
36. Boca Do Lobo, “10 Mid-Century Modern Homes by Famous Architects that you will love!”, Boca do Lobo Magazine. Retrieved 5/4/2019 from: https://www.bocadolobo.com.
37. Bowman, C. (2020). Modern vs. Contemporary Design: What’s the Difference?, My Move, Retrieved 24/10/2021 from: https://www.mymove.com/home-inspiration/decoration-design-ideas/modern-vs-contemporary-design-whats-difference.
38. Chauhan, J. (2018). Architecture, Modern Vs Contemporary; Same but Different, archinect, Retrieved from: https://archinect.com/cadoutsourcingservices/release/architecture-modern-vs-contemporary-same-but-different
39. Civilax, “Drawings and Analysis Files of National Stadium – Beijing China,” Civilax, October 15, 2014, Retrieved 10/2/2020 from: https://www.civilax.org.
40. Collier, S. (2021). Top 10 Universities in the Arab Region 2018, Top Universities, Retrieved 18/5/2022 from: https://www.topuniversities.com/
41. Friedman, A. (2019). Contemporary Architecture Characteristics, Hunker, Retrieved 14/2/2020 from: https://www.hunker.com.
42. Hohenadel, K. (2020). What is Contemporary Architecture? The Spruce: 4769079, retrieved 12/2/2020 from https://www.thespruce.com/what-is-contemporary-architecture-4769079.
43. Lee, P. (2016). The History of Architecture, in a Nutshell, Widewalls, widewalls.ch, retrieved 5/2/2020 from: https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/the-history-of-architecture.
44. McManus, D. (2022). Rome Architecture Tours Guides, e-architect, Retrieved 16/1/2022 from: https//www.e-architect.comromerome-architecture-walking-tours.
45. Rubio-Landaluce, I. (2018). What are the differences and similarities found when comparing Post-Modern, Modern, and Contemporary Architectural Styles?, Quora, , Retrieved 24/10/2021 from: https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-differences-and-similarities-found-when-comparing-Post-Modern-Modern-and-Contemporary-Architectural-Styles.
46. The Jubilee Church Building Design by Richard Meier & Partners Architects (USA). Retrieved from: https://archello.com/project/jubilee-church.
Published
2022-05-31
How to Cite
Sharara, H. (2022). Modern and Contemporary Architecture Between Western and Arab Countries: A Review of Derivative Synonyms. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 18(16), 133. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n16p133
Section
ESJ Humanities
Copyright (c) 2022 Hussein Sharara
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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