Reconstitution Paléoenvironnementale des Formations Maastrichtiennes, Cénomaniennes et Albiennes Basée sur les Données Sédimentologiques et Ichnologiques Issues des Carottes du Puits FIM-1X dans le Bassin Sédimentaire Offshore de la Cote d’Ivoire
Abstract
Les études sédimentologiques et ichnologiques détaillées du puits FIM-1X ont été effectuées. Les analyses physiques ont été réalisées sur les échantillons de carottes. L'objectif principal est de caractériser la diversité de faciès rencontrés dans les formations maastrichtiennes, cénomaniennes et albiennes afin de déterminer les différents paléoenvironnement rencontrés dans le puits FIM-1X du bassin offshore de Côte d’Ivoire. Les résultats sédimentologiques indiquent que les successions lithologiques des échantillons de carottes comprennent quatre grands groupes de lithofaciès : galets (PS), grès propre (S), sable argileux (SM) et argile (HM, ML, MJ & M). Ces groupes de lithofaciès ont ensuite été subdivisés en faciès constitutifs basés principalement sur des structures sédimentaires. Le groupe des galets comprend uniquement les granules. Le groupe de grès propre comprend trois faciès : grès massif, grès laminé et grès à rides. Le groupe de sable argileux comprend deux faciès à savoir les sables argileux laminés et déformés. Le groupe d’argile comprend trois faciès principaux, à savoir les structures hétérolithiques à dominance argileuses, les argiles calcareuses, et les argiles pures. Une diversité d'ichnofossiles a été identifiée dans les carottes, notamment : Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Thalassinoides, Spyrophyton et Scolicia. L’intégration des données sédimentaires (faciès de granules, grès, sable argileux et argile) et des ichnofossiles reconnues a permis de caractériser des environnements de chenaux du front deltaïque, de complexe chenaux – levées et de milieux marins côtiers (Shoreface) dans ces formations carottés d’âge Maastrichtien, Cénomanien at Albiens. Ces conditions d'environnements bien préservés pourraient constituer de possibles bons réservoirs d'hydrocarbures.
Detailed sedimentological and ichnological studies of FIM-1X well were performed. Physical analyses were carried out on the core samples. The main target is to characterize the diversity of facies encountered in the Maastrichtian, Cenomanian and Albian formations in order to determine the different paleoenvironments encountered in the FIM-1X well of the Côte d'Ivoire offshore basin. The sedimentological results indicate that the lithological successions of the core samples include four major groups of lithofacies: pebbles (PS), clean sandstone (S), muddy sandstone (SM) and mudstone (HM, ML, MJ & M). These lithofacies groups were then subdivided into constituent facies based mainly on sedimentary structures. The group of pebbles includes only the granules. The clean sandstone group includes three facies: massive sandstone, laminated sandstone and ripple sandstone. The muddy sandstone group includes two facies namely the laminated and deformed muddy sandstone. The mudstone group includes three main facies, namely heterolithic structures predominantly mudstone, calcareous mudstone, and pure mudstone. A variety of ichnofossils have been identified in cores, including: Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Thalassinoides, Spyrophyton and Scolicia. The integration of sedimentary data (granule, sandstone, muddy sandstone and mudstone facies) and recognized ichnofossils made it possible to characterize the environments of delta front channels, complex channels - levees and shallow marine environments (Shoreface) in these Maastrichtian, Cenomanian and Albian formations. These well preserved environments conditions could be a possible good hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Downloads
Metrics
PlumX Statistics
References
2. Brownfield, M.E. and Charpentier, R.R., (2006). Geology and Total Petroleum Systems of the Gulf of Ginea Province of West Africa. US Geological Survey Bulletin, 2207-C, 32pp.
3. Bryant, I.D., Kantorowicz, J.D and Love, C.F. (1988). The origin and recognition of laterally continuous carbonate-cemented horizons in the Upper Lias Sands of southern England. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 5, 109–131.
4. Cojan, I., and Renard, M. (2008). Sédimentologie. Dunod, 444 p.
5. Coleman, J.M., and Gagliano, S.M. (1965). Sedimentary structures: Mississippi deltaic plain. In Middleton G.V. ed., Primary sedimentary structures and their hydromorphic interpretation. Soc. Econ. Paleontologists Mineralogists, Spec. Pub., 12, p. 133-148.
6. Digbehi Z. B. (1987). Etude comparée de la sédimentation de premiers stades d‘ouverture Atlantique-Golfe de Guinée - Golfe de Gascogne. Sédimentologie, biostratigraphie. Thèse de doctorat, Université Pau, 366 p.
7. Fea I., Abioui M., Nabawy B.S., Jain S., Digbehi Z. B., Kassem A.A., Benssaou M. (2022). Reservoir quality discrimination of the Albian-Cenomanian reservoir sequences in the Ivorian basin: A lithological and petrophysical Study. Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources 8 (1):1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-021-00297-8.
8. Fea I., Bakary F., Yao N.J.P., Kplohi Y.H., Goua T. E., Digbehi Z.B., Bamba K. (2018). Diagenetic control on the petrophysical properties of Albian-Cenomanian sandstones in the ivorian basin, west Africa. International journal of Innovation and Scientific Research ISSN 2351-8014 Vol. 39 No. 2 Nov. 2018, pp. 120-138.
9. Fea I., Mcafee A., Yao N.J.P., Digbehi Z.B., Kplohi Y.H., et Fofana, B. (2019). Characterization of the salinity conditions of Cenomanian formations based on sedimentological and ichnological data of selected cores from Ivoirian offshore basin (septentrional Gulf of Guinea). Journal of African Earth Sciences 149 (2019), 367-397.
10. Gawthorpe & Leeder, (2000). Evolution tectono-sédimentaire des bassins d’extension actifs. Basin Research 12 (3-4), 195-218.
11. Ghibaudo, G. (1992). Subaqueous sediment gravity, Sedimentology flow deposits: practical criteria for their field description and classification. 39, 423-454.
12. Higgs, R. (1990). Sedimentology and tectonic implications of Cretaceous fan-delta conglomerates, Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada. Sedimentology, 37, 83-103.
13. Horton, B.K., Schmitt, J.G. (1996). Sedimentology of a Lacustrine Fan-delta System, Miocene Horse Camp Formation, Nevada, USA. Department of Earth Sciences Montana State University, Bozeman, pp. 133–155 h4T 5971 7, USA. Sedimentology 43.
14. Hubbard, S.M., Gingras, M.K., and Pemberton, S.G. (2004). Paleoenvironmental implications of traces fossils in estuarine deposits of the Cretaceous Bluesky Formation, Cadotte region, Alberta, Canada. Fossils ande Strata, No.51, pp. 00- 00.USA. ISSN 0300-9491. ISBN 82-00 37665-6.
15. Jenny E. M, Gary J. Hampson and Howard D. J. (2006). A sequence stratigraphic model for an intensely bioturbated shallow-marine sandstone: the Bridport Sand Formation, Wessex Basin, UK.
16. Knaust, D. (2013). The ichnogenus Rhizocorallium: Classification, trace makers, palaeoenvironments and evolution, Earth-Science Reviews, 126, (1).
17. MacEachern, J.A., and Gingras, M.K. (2007). Recognition of brackish-water trace fossil suites in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of Alberta, Canada; in Bromely, R.G., Buatois, L.a., Mangano, G., Genise, J.F., and Melchor, R.N. (eds), Sediment -Organism Interactions: A Multifaceted Ichnology, SEPM, Spec. Publ. 88, p149-193.
18. Manzocchi, T., Carter, J.N., Skorstad, A. (2008). Sensitivity of the impact of geological uncertainty on production from faulted and unfaulted shallow marine oil reservoirs: objectives and methods. Petroleum Geoscience, 14, 3–15.
19. Nakajima, T. (2006). Hyperpycnites deposited 700 km away from river mouths in the central Japan Sea: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 76, p. 60– 73.20. Pemberton, S. G. (2011). Applied ichnology and sedimentology short course. Unpublished, 123p.
21. Pemberton, G.S. and MacEachern, J.A. (1997). The ichnological signature of storm deposits: the use of trace fossils in event stratigraphy. In: Palaeontological events; stratigraphic, ecological, and evolutionary implications (Eds B.E. Carlton and B.C Gordon), pp. 73–109. Columbia University Press, New York.
22. Pemberton, S. G., MacEachern, J. A., Gingras, M. K., and Bann, K. L. (2009). Trace Fossil Atlas: The recognition of common trace fossils in cores. Unpublished Atlas, 139 p.
23. PETROCI & BEICIP (1990). Côte d’Ivoire petroleum évaluation. Ministère des Mines, Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). Rapport promotionnel, 99 p.
24. Pivnik D.A. (1990). Thrust-generated fan-delta deposition: Little Muddy Creek Conglomerate, SWWyoming. J. sedim. Petrol., 60, 489-503.
25. Pollard, J.E., Goldring, R. and Buck, S.G. (1993) Ichnofabrics containing Ophiomorpha: significance in shallow water facies interpretation. J. geol. SOC. Lond., 150, 149-164.
26. Reijers, H. A. (1995). Lithofacies classification scheme. Unpublished.
27. Seilacher A. (1967). Bathymetry of trace fossils. Marine Geology, 5, 413-428.
28. Stephen K.D., Yang C., Carter J.N., Howell J.A., Manzocchi T. & Skorstad A. (2008). Upscaling uncertainty analysis in a shallow-marine environment. Petroleum Geoscience, 14, 71–84.
29. Wazir I. (2014). Contrôles sédimentaires et diagénétiques sur les propriétés pétrophysiques des réservoirs gréseux à gaz des bassins de Sbaa, Algérie, et des Palmyrides-Sud, Syrie. Sciences de la terre. Université Paris Sud-Paris XI. Thèse de Doctorat, 337p.
30. Wentworth, C. K. (1922). A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments: Jour. Geology, v. 30, no, 5, p. 377-392.
Copyright (c) 2022 Isaac Fea, Able Guiako Jonas, Maria Kamagate Djodjo, Paul Assalé Fori Yao
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
.jpg)
