Why Does Fashion Fits China so Much?
Keywords:
China, Fashion, Anthropology, Consumer Behavior, Marketing
Abstract
The present paper investigates the relationship of cause and effect between cultural behavior and Physioeconomy with Fashion in China. The purpose is to identify which cultural reasons lie behind the massive adoption of fashion in China, entrusting to these the success of fashiopulling fashion. The methodology adopted is an exploratory comparative analysis between nations (China, Japan and India), which have cultural physioeconomic similarities, both genuine or artifact. The paper starts from an initial direct observation of the phenomena, checked through the bibliographic review of the background throughout the last 30 years, and supported by a survey supporting the hypothesis. Findings are that fashion is adopted for anthropological reasons of cultural homologation, and not for differentiation due to the specific socio-psychological and cultural structure of the Chinese Nation, similarly to Japan but contrarily from India. The different attitude toward fashion is motivated by cultural reasons. The value of the paper is the exploratory investigation of the anthropologic behavior, offering a scoped analysis with practical interest for socially based commodities and following the research course of the motivations behind buying fashion and China. It is interesting as it will lead to deeper quantitative researches.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Metrics
Metrics Loading ...
References
1. Anderson, E. (1990), Streetwise: Race, Class, and Change in an Urban Community, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL
2. Bakken, B. (2000), The exemplary society: Human improvement, social control, and the dangers of modernity in China, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
3. Beard, N.D. (2008), “The branding of ethical fashion and the consumer: a luxury niche or mass-market reality?”, Fashion Theory, Vol 12, Issue 4, pp. 447-467, available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2752/175174108X346931#.Vcwz3P_osdU (accessed 12 December 2021)
4. Bloom, A.H. (2014), The linguistic shaping of thought: A study in the impact of language on thinking in China and the West, Psychology Press, Aarhus, DK
5. Burgess, C. (2004), “Maintaining identities: Discourses of homogeneity in a rapidly globalizing Japan”, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies, Article 1 in 2004 First published in ejcjs on 19 April 2004, Revised and republished in ejcjs on 29 May 2012. Available at: http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/articles/Burgess.html (accessed 2 October 2021)
6. Callahan, K. (2014), “The Bosozoku Are Japan”s Disappearing Rebels without a Cause”, Japlink, 10 April 2014, available at: http://jalopnik.com/the-bosozoku-are-japans-disappearing-rebels-without-a-c-1642416129 (accessed 3 December 2021)
7. Chandler, D.P., Steinberg, D.J. et al. (1987), In search of Southeast Asia: A modern history, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, HW
8. Chen, M. (2004), Asian management systems: Chinese, Japanese and Korean styles of business, Cengage Learning EMEA, London, UK
9. Clark, T. (1990), “International Marketing and National Character: A Review and Proposal for an Integrative Theory”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, No. 4 (October 1990), pp. 66-79, available at: Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1251760 (accessed 4 April 2022)
10. Cova, B., Kozinets, R.V., Shankar, A. 2007, Tribes Inc.: the new world of tribalism, in Consumer Tribes, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK
11. De Mooij, M. and Hofstede, G., 2002 “Convergence and divergence in consumer behavior: implications for international retailing”, Journal of retailing, 78(1), 61-69.
12. Dipankar, G., 2000, Interrogating Caste: Understanding Hierarchy and Difference in Indian Society, Penguin Books, New Dehli, India
13. Doak, K.M., 2001, “Building national identity through ethnicity: Ethnology in wartime Japan and after”, Journal of Japanese Studies, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Winter), pp. 1-39 available at stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3591935 (accessed 5 April 2022)
14. Doctoroff, T., 2012, What Chinese Want: Culture, Communism, and China”s Modern Consumer, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, NY
15. Doron, Y., 2016, The Tower of Babel: Massification, Individuality and Empathy in Large Societies and in Small groups. Group Analysi”, 49(2), 124-133, available at: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0533316416639219 (accessed 15 December 2021)
16. Essoo, N. and Dibb, S., 2004 "Religious influences on shopping behaviour: An exploratory study." Journal of Marketing Management 20.7-8 (2004): 683-712.
17. Sood, J. and Yukio N., 1995, "Religiosity and nationality: An exploratory study of their effect on consumer behavior in Japan and the United States." Journal of Business Research 34.1 (1995): 1-9.
18. Finnane, A,, 2013, Changing clothes in China: Fashion, history, nation, Columbia University Press, New York, NY
19. Foegel, R.W., 1964, Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History, John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
20. Foegel, R.W., 1994, “Economic Growth, Population Theory and Physiology: The Bearings of Long-Term Processes on the Making of Economic Policy”, American Economic Review, Vol. 84, No. 3, Jun., 1994, pp. 369-395 Available at
Stable URL: [(accessed 6 June 2022)
21. Friedman, E., 2016, National identity and democratic prospects in socialist China. Routledge, London, UK
22. Greenhalgh, S. and Winckler, E.A., 2005, Governing China”s population: From Leninist to neoliberal biopolitics, Stanford University Press, Redwood, CA
23. Guthrie, D., 2012 China and globalization: the social, economic and political transformation of Chinese society, Routledge, London
24. Hamilton, G.G., 1996, Asian Business Networks, Vol. 64, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin – New York, NY
25. Harris, I., 2001, Buddhism and politics in twentieth century Asia” A and C Black, London, UK
26. Hebdige, D., 198110, Subculture: The Meaning of Style, Routledge, London, UK
27. Helmore, E., 2014; “Luxury brands in a quandary as China’s wealthy young develop resistance to bling”, The Observer, 20 September 2014
28. Hitmann, T. and Ward, J., 2007, “The Dark Side of Brand Community: Inter-Group Stereotyping, Trash Talk, and Schadenfreude”, Advances in Consumer Research, Vol.34/2007, available at: Vol.34/2007, available at: (accessed 8 August 2022)
29. Hun, C., Wong, A.S.H. and Tjosvold, D., 2010 3Turnover intention and performance in China: The role of positive affectivity, Chinese values, perceived organizational support and constructive controversy”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 80, pp. 735–751, available at: < http://www.researchgate.net/publication/229594264> (1 August 2022)
30. Jia, R. and Torsten, P., 2017, “Individual vs. Social Motives in Identity Choice: Theory and Evidence from China”, available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3029045 (1 march 2022)
31. Keller, C., Magnus K.H., Hedrich, S. and Thomas Tochtermann, P.N., 2014 “Succeeding in tomorrow”s global fashion market” Consumer and Shopper Insights 2014, McKinsey and Company, available at: < http://www.mckinseyonmarketingandsales.com/sites/default/files/pdf/CSI_Apparel2020-NEWBRAND.pdf> (accessed 25 November 2021)
32. Krugman, P., 2013 “Myth of Asia”s Myracle”, Foreign Affairs, Vol 73, no. 6 pp. 62-78, available at: < 192.200.129.132 http://vault.hanover.edu/~eiriksson/classes/214/files/MythOfAsiasMiraclePaulKrugman.pdf> (accessed 12 August 2022)
33. Lee, X.E. and Edwards, S., 2014 “Fast Fashion in China: Revved Retail. After years of extraordinary growth, has fast fashion peaked in China?”, China Business Review, 24 February 2014, available at:
34. Levine, R., Locke, C., Searls, D. and Weinberger, D., 2001 The Cluetrain Manifesto: the end of business as usual, Perseus Books Group, Ney York, NMarber, P., 2003, Money changes everything: How global prosperity is reshaping our needs, values, and lifestyles, FT Press, Upper Saddle River, NMcCleary, R.M. and Barro, R.J., 20061, “Religion and economy.”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 20, No. 2 (Spring), pp. 49-72, American Marketing Association, available at stable URL: http://www. McCleary, R.M. and Barro, R.J. 20062, “Religion and political economy in an international panel” in Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol 45, Issue 2, pp. 149-175, available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2006.00299.x/pdf (accessed 8 January 2022)
35. Mishima, Y., 200815, Lezioni spirituali per giovani samurai, Feltrinelli, Milano, Italy
36. Mullaney, T., 2010, Coming to terms with the nation: ethnic classification in modern China Vol. 18, Univ of California Press, Oakland, CA
37. Nakamura, H., 1964, Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples: India, China, Tibet, Japan, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, HW
38. Nishimura, S., Nevgi, A. and Tella, S., 2008, “Communication style and cultural features in high/low context communication cultures: A case study of Finland, Japan and India”, in Renovating and developing subject didactics. Proceedings of a subject-didactic symposium in Helsinki,Vol. 2, No. 2008, pp. 783-796 (February). Available at: http://www.helsinki.fi/~tella/nishimuranevgitella299.pdf (accessed 14 June 2022)
39. Okano, K.H., 2006, “The global–local interface in multicultural education policies in Japan”, in Comparative Education, Vo. 42, No 4, pp. 473-491, available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050060600988387#.VdFfD__osdV (accessed 5 January 2022)
40. Okonkwo, U., 2007, Luxury fashion branding: trends, tactics, techniques, Palgrave Macmillan, London, UK
41. Parker, P.M., 1995, Climatic Effects on Individual, Social and Economic Behavior: A Physioeconomic Review of Research Across Disciplines, Greenwood Press,
42. Parker, P.M., 19971, Linguistic cultures of the world – a statistical reference, Greenwood press, Westport, CN
43. Parker, P.M., 19972, Ethnic cultures of the world – a statistical reference, Greenwood press, Westport, CN
44. Parker, P.M., 19973, Religious cultures of the world, Greenwood Press, Westport, CN
45. Parker P.M., 2000, Physioeconomics: the basis for long-run economic growth, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
46. Pellicelli, G., 2005, “Strategia”, Egea, Milano
47. Pietrusewsky, M., 1994, “Pacific-Asian relationships: a physical anthropological perspective” in Oceanic Linguistics, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Vol. 33, No. 2 (December), pp.407-429. Available at stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3623136 (accessed 13 April 2022)
48. Pye, L.W., 1993,3 “How China”s nationalism was Shanghaied”, in The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, No. 29, January, pp. 107-133, available at stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2949954 (accessed 4 February 2022)
49. Rambourg, E., 2014, The Bling Dynasty, Wiley, New York, NY. Also available as article at: http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-vs-japanese-luxury-booms-2015-1 (accessed 4 February 2022)
50. Roberts, F. 2014, “Inside India”s High Growth Luxury Market”, Euromonitor International (19 September 2014). Available at: http://blog.euromonitor.com/2014/09/inside-indias-high-growth-luxury-market.html (accessed 1 February 2022)
51. Salomon, M., 2011 “Consumer Behavior: Buying and Being”, Pearson, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
52. Scaini, L., 2011 “Il rapporto tra l”internazionalizzazione e la physioeconomia”, SetupImpresa, Available at (accessed 10 April 2022)
53. Scaini, L. 2012, “Il sincretismo culturale nel marketing moderno: scienza economica e scienza sociale”, SetupImpresa, available at (accessed 10 April, 2022)
54. Scaini, L 20151, “To What Extent Can the Physioeconomic Factors Be Quantitatively Measured to Prove Their Influence on the Mechanical Results of the Ayal and Zif”s Matrix?”, in IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Business Management, Vol. 3, Issue 3, Mar 2015, pp. 81-100, Available at (accessed 10 August 2022)
55. Scaini, L. and Navarra, D., 2015, “Modern Totems and Tribalism: the Worship of Brand in Asia”, European Scientific Journal, Vo. 11, No. 13, May 2015, pp. 17-33
56. Scaini, L., 20152, “A Comparative Study of Physioeconomics in Asia”, in IV European Scientific Forum, European Scientific Society, Oxford, UK
57. Scaini, L., “The Way How Anthropological Culture Shapes Consumes: An exploratory Comparative Study”, paper for the International Multidisciplinary Conference Cambridge (UK), 23-25 November, 2017, available at http://isfcambridge.euinstitute.net/images/9th.ISF.Cambridge.pdf
58. Schütte, H. and Ciarlante, D., 2016, Consumer behaviour in Asia. Springer, Berlin, Germany
59. Singh, P.B.R., 2008 “Heritage Contestation And Context Of Religion: Political Scenario From Southern Asia” Politics and Religion Journal, 2(1), 79-99
60. Smith, R.J., 1985, Japanese society: Tradition, self, and the social orde”, CUP Archive, Cambridge, UK
61. Teather, D., 2010, “China overtakes Japan as world”s second-largest economy”, The Guardian, 16 August 2010. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/aug/16/china-overtakes-japan-second-largest-economy1 (accessed 17 August 2022)
62. Terry, E., 2015. How Asia Got Rich: Japan, China and the Asian Miracle: Japan, China and the Asian Miracle, Routledge, London, UK
63. Vindhya, U., 2003, Psychology in India: Intersecting Crossroads, Concept Publishing Company, New Dehli, India
64. Viswanathan, B., 2014, How does the Indian concept of individuality differ from its Western counterpart?, available at: http://www.quora.com/How-does-the-Indian-Concept-of-individuality-differ-from-its-Western-counterpart (13 August 2022)
65. Westerlund, D., 1996, Questioning the Secular State: the worldwide resurgence of religion in politics, C. Hurst and Co. Publishers, London, UK
66. Wu, B. and Wan Y., 2018, “What do Chinese consumers want? A value framework for luxury hotels in China" International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management just-accepted (unpublished)
67. Biao, X., Yeoh B.S.A. and Toyota D., 2017, “Asia. Return: Nationalizing transnational mobility in Asia” in Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Duke University Press, Durham, NC
68. Yang, M., 1996, “Tradition, Traveling Anthropology, and the Discourse of Modernity in China”, The future of anthropological knowledge, Psychology Press, Aarhus, Denmark
69. Zhou, N. and Belk, R.W., 2004, “Chinese consumer readings of global and local advertising appeals” Journal of Advertising, 33(3), 63-76
70. Zhang, B. and Kim, J.H., 2013 “Luxury fashion consumption in China: Factors affecting attitude and purchase intent.” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 20(1), 68-79.
71. Statista: http://www.statista.com/statistics/243990/revenue-of-the-fashion-retail-segment-in-china/
72. Yamada, M., 2000, Parasaito shinguru no jidai パラサイト・シングルの時代. Chikuma Shobō [筑摩書房].
73. “The State of Fashion 2017”: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/the-state-of-fashion (accessed 28 January 2022)
74. World Data Bank: http://data.worldbank.org/country/india (accessed 4 January 2022)
75. Promos:http://www.promos-milano.it/Informazione/Note-Settoriali/Le-Opportunita-Del-Settore-Moda-In-Cina-ASEAN-Giappone.kl (accessed 7 December 2017)
76. China a Nation in Uniform n.d., available at: info.texnet.com.cn/ (Translated and edited by womenofchina.cn) (accessed 18 August 2022)
2. Bakken, B. (2000), The exemplary society: Human improvement, social control, and the dangers of modernity in China, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
3. Beard, N.D. (2008), “The branding of ethical fashion and the consumer: a luxury niche or mass-market reality?”, Fashion Theory, Vol 12, Issue 4, pp. 447-467, available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2752/175174108X346931#.Vcwz3P_osdU (accessed 12 December 2021)
4. Bloom, A.H. (2014), The linguistic shaping of thought: A study in the impact of language on thinking in China and the West, Psychology Press, Aarhus, DK
5. Burgess, C. (2004), “Maintaining identities: Discourses of homogeneity in a rapidly globalizing Japan”, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies, Article 1 in 2004 First published in ejcjs on 19 April 2004, Revised and republished in ejcjs on 29 May 2012. Available at: http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/articles/Burgess.html (accessed 2 October 2021)
6. Callahan, K. (2014), “The Bosozoku Are Japan”s Disappearing Rebels without a Cause”, Japlink, 10 April 2014, available at: http://jalopnik.com/the-bosozoku-are-japans-disappearing-rebels-without-a-c-1642416129 (accessed 3 December 2021)
7. Chandler, D.P., Steinberg, D.J. et al. (1987), In search of Southeast Asia: A modern history, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, HW
8. Chen, M. (2004), Asian management systems: Chinese, Japanese and Korean styles of business, Cengage Learning EMEA, London, UK
9. Clark, T. (1990), “International Marketing and National Character: A Review and Proposal for an Integrative Theory”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, No. 4 (October 1990), pp. 66-79, available at: Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1251760 (accessed 4 April 2022)
10. Cova, B., Kozinets, R.V., Shankar, A. 2007, Tribes Inc.: the new world of tribalism, in Consumer Tribes, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK
11. De Mooij, M. and Hofstede, G., 2002 “Convergence and divergence in consumer behavior: implications for international retailing”, Journal of retailing, 78(1), 61-69.
12. Dipankar, G., 2000, Interrogating Caste: Understanding Hierarchy and Difference in Indian Society, Penguin Books, New Dehli, India
13. Doak, K.M., 2001, “Building national identity through ethnicity: Ethnology in wartime Japan and after”, Journal of Japanese Studies, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Winter), pp. 1-39 available at stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3591935 (accessed 5 April 2022)
14. Doctoroff, T., 2012, What Chinese Want: Culture, Communism, and China”s Modern Consumer, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, NY
15. Doron, Y., 2016, The Tower of Babel: Massification, Individuality and Empathy in Large Societies and in Small groups. Group Analysi”, 49(2), 124-133, available at: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0533316416639219 (accessed 15 December 2021)
16. Essoo, N. and Dibb, S., 2004 "Religious influences on shopping behaviour: An exploratory study." Journal of Marketing Management 20.7-8 (2004): 683-712.
17. Sood, J. and Yukio N., 1995, "Religiosity and nationality: An exploratory study of their effect on consumer behavior in Japan and the United States." Journal of Business Research 34.1 (1995): 1-9.
18. Finnane, A,, 2013, Changing clothes in China: Fashion, history, nation, Columbia University Press, New York, NY
19. Foegel, R.W., 1964, Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History, John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
20. Foegel, R.W., 1994, “Economic Growth, Population Theory and Physiology: The Bearings of Long-Term Processes on the Making of Economic Policy”, American Economic Review, Vol. 84, No. 3, Jun., 1994, pp. 369-395 Available at
Stable URL:
21. Friedman, E., 2016, National identity and democratic prospects in socialist China. Routledge, London, UK
22. Greenhalgh, S. and Winckler, E.A., 2005, Governing China”s population: From Leninist to neoliberal biopolitics, Stanford University Press, Redwood, CA
23. Guthrie, D., 2012 China and globalization: the social, economic and political transformation of Chinese society, Routledge, London
24. Hamilton, G.G., 1996, Asian Business Networks, Vol. 64, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin – New York, NY
25. Harris, I., 2001, Buddhism and politics in twentieth century Asia” A and C Black, London, UK
26. Hebdige, D., 198110, Subculture: The Meaning of Style, Routledge, London, UK
27. Helmore, E., 2014; “Luxury brands in a quandary as China’s wealthy young develop resistance to bling”, The Observer, 20 September 2014
28. Hitmann, T. and Ward, J., 2007, “The Dark Side of Brand Community: Inter-Group Stereotyping, Trash Talk, and Schadenfreude”, Advances in Consumer Research, Vol.34/2007, available at: Vol.34/2007, available at:
29. Hun, C., Wong, A.S.H. and Tjosvold, D., 2010 3Turnover intention and performance in China: The role of positive affectivity, Chinese values, perceived organizational support and constructive controversy”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 80, pp. 735–751, available at: < http://www.researchgate.net/publication/229594264> (1 August 2022)
30. Jia, R. and Torsten, P., 2017, “Individual vs. Social Motives in Identity Choice: Theory and Evidence from China”, available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3029045 (1 march 2022)
31. Keller, C., Magnus K.H., Hedrich, S. and Thomas Tochtermann, P.N., 2014 “Succeeding in tomorrow”s global fashion market” Consumer and Shopper Insights 2014, McKinsey and Company, available at: < http://www.mckinseyonmarketingandsales.com/sites/default/files/pdf/CSI_Apparel2020-NEWBRAND.pdf> (accessed 25 November 2021)
32. Krugman, P., 2013 “Myth of Asia”s Myracle”, Foreign Affairs, Vol 73, no. 6 pp. 62-78, available at: < 192.200.129.132 http://vault.hanover.edu/~eiriksson/classes/214/files/MythOfAsiasMiraclePaulKrugman.pdf> (accessed 12 August 2022)
33. Lee, X.E. and Edwards, S., 2014 “Fast Fashion in China: Revved Retail. After years of extraordinary growth, has fast fashion peaked in China?”, China Business Review, 24 February 2014, available at:
34. Levine, R., Locke, C., Searls, D. and Weinberger, D., 2001 The Cluetrain Manifesto: the end of business as usual, Perseus Books Group, Ney York, NMarber, P., 2003, Money changes everything: How global prosperity is reshaping our needs, values, and lifestyles, FT Press, Upper Saddle River, NMcCleary, R.M. and Barro, R.J., 20061, “Religion and economy.”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 20, No. 2 (Spring), pp. 49-72, American Marketing Association, available at stable URL: http://www. McCleary, R.M. and Barro, R.J. 20062, “Religion and political economy in an international panel” in Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol 45, Issue 2, pp. 149-175, available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2006.00299.x/pdf (accessed 8 January 2022)
35. Mishima, Y., 200815, Lezioni spirituali per giovani samurai, Feltrinelli, Milano, Italy
36. Mullaney, T., 2010, Coming to terms with the nation: ethnic classification in modern China Vol. 18, Univ of California Press, Oakland, CA
37. Nakamura, H., 1964, Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples: India, China, Tibet, Japan, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, HW
38. Nishimura, S., Nevgi, A. and Tella, S., 2008, “Communication style and cultural features in high/low context communication cultures: A case study of Finland, Japan and India”, in Renovating and developing subject didactics. Proceedings of a subject-didactic symposium in Helsinki,Vol. 2, No. 2008, pp. 783-796 (February). Available at: http://www.helsinki.fi/~tella/nishimuranevgitella299.pdf (accessed 14 June 2022)
39. Okano, K.H., 2006, “The global–local interface in multicultural education policies in Japan”, in Comparative Education, Vo. 42, No 4, pp. 473-491, available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050060600988387#.VdFfD__osdV (accessed 5 January 2022)
40. Okonkwo, U., 2007, Luxury fashion branding: trends, tactics, techniques, Palgrave Macmillan, London, UK
41. Parker, P.M., 1995, Climatic Effects on Individual, Social and Economic Behavior: A Physioeconomic Review of Research Across Disciplines, Greenwood Press,
42. Parker, P.M., 19971, Linguistic cultures of the world – a statistical reference, Greenwood press, Westport, CN
43. Parker, P.M., 19972, Ethnic cultures of the world – a statistical reference, Greenwood press, Westport, CN
44. Parker, P.M., 19973, Religious cultures of the world, Greenwood Press, Westport, CN
45. Parker P.M., 2000, Physioeconomics: the basis for long-run economic growth, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
46. Pellicelli, G., 2005, “Strategia”, Egea, Milano
47. Pietrusewsky, M., 1994, “Pacific-Asian relationships: a physical anthropological perspective” in Oceanic Linguistics, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Vol. 33, No. 2 (December), pp.407-429. Available at stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3623136 (accessed 13 April 2022)
48. Pye, L.W., 1993,3 “How China”s nationalism was Shanghaied”, in The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, No. 29, January, pp. 107-133, available at stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2949954 (accessed 4 February 2022)
49. Rambourg, E., 2014, The Bling Dynasty, Wiley, New York, NY. Also available as article at: http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-vs-japanese-luxury-booms-2015-1 (accessed 4 February 2022)
50. Roberts, F. 2014, “Inside India”s High Growth Luxury Market”, Euromonitor International (19 September 2014). Available at: http://blog.euromonitor.com/2014/09/inside-indias-high-growth-luxury-market.html (accessed 1 February 2022)
51. Salomon, M., 2011 “Consumer Behavior: Buying and Being”, Pearson, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
52. Scaini, L., 2011 “Il rapporto tra l”internazionalizzazione e la physioeconomia”, SetupImpresa, Available at
53. Scaini, L. 2012, “Il sincretismo culturale nel marketing moderno: scienza economica e scienza sociale”, SetupImpresa, available at
54. Scaini, L 20151, “To What Extent Can the Physioeconomic Factors Be Quantitatively Measured to Prove Their Influence on the Mechanical Results of the Ayal and Zif”s Matrix?”, in IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Business Management, Vol. 3, Issue 3, Mar 2015, pp. 81-100, Available at
55. Scaini, L. and Navarra, D., 2015, “Modern Totems and Tribalism: the Worship of Brand in Asia”, European Scientific Journal, Vo. 11, No. 13, May 2015, pp. 17-33
56. Scaini, L., 20152, “A Comparative Study of Physioeconomics in Asia”, in IV European Scientific Forum, European Scientific Society, Oxford, UK
57. Scaini, L., “The Way How Anthropological Culture Shapes Consumes: An exploratory Comparative Study”, paper for the International Multidisciplinary Conference Cambridge (UK), 23-25 November, 2017, available at http://isfcambridge.euinstitute.net/images/9th.ISF.Cambridge.pdf
58. Schütte, H. and Ciarlante, D., 2016, Consumer behaviour in Asia. Springer, Berlin, Germany
59. Singh, P.B.R., 2008 “Heritage Contestation And Context Of Religion: Political Scenario From Southern Asia” Politics and Religion Journal, 2(1), 79-99
60. Smith, R.J., 1985, Japanese society: Tradition, self, and the social orde”, CUP Archive, Cambridge, UK
61. Teather, D., 2010, “China overtakes Japan as world”s second-largest economy”, The Guardian, 16 August 2010. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/aug/16/china-overtakes-japan-second-largest-economy1 (accessed 17 August 2022)
62. Terry, E., 2015. How Asia Got Rich: Japan, China and the Asian Miracle: Japan, China and the Asian Miracle, Routledge, London, UK
63. Vindhya, U., 2003, Psychology in India: Intersecting Crossroads, Concept Publishing Company, New Dehli, India
64. Viswanathan, B., 2014, How does the Indian concept of individuality differ from its Western counterpart?, available at: http://www.quora.com/How-does-the-Indian-Concept-of-individuality-differ-from-its-Western-counterpart (13 August 2022)
65. Westerlund, D., 1996, Questioning the Secular State: the worldwide resurgence of religion in politics, C. Hurst and Co. Publishers, London, UK
66. Wu, B. and Wan Y., 2018, “What do Chinese consumers want? A value framework for luxury hotels in China" International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management just-accepted (unpublished)
67. Biao, X., Yeoh B.S.A. and Toyota D., 2017, “Asia. Return: Nationalizing transnational mobility in Asia” in Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Duke University Press, Durham, NC
68. Yang, M., 1996, “Tradition, Traveling Anthropology, and the Discourse of Modernity in China”, The future of anthropological knowledge, Psychology Press, Aarhus, Denmark
69. Zhou, N. and Belk, R.W., 2004, “Chinese consumer readings of global and local advertising appeals” Journal of Advertising, 33(3), 63-76
70. Zhang, B. and Kim, J.H., 2013 “Luxury fashion consumption in China: Factors affecting attitude and purchase intent.” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 20(1), 68-79.
71. Statista: http://www.statista.com/statistics/243990/revenue-of-the-fashion-retail-segment-in-china/
72. Yamada, M., 2000, Parasaito shinguru no jidai パラサイト・シングルの時代. Chikuma Shobō [筑摩書房].
73. “The State of Fashion 2017”: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/the-state-of-fashion (accessed 28 January 2022)
74. World Data Bank: http://data.worldbank.org/country/india (accessed 4 January 2022)
75. Promos:http://www.promos-milano.it/Informazione/Note-Settoriali/Le-Opportunita-Del-Settore-Moda-In-Cina-ASEAN-Giappone.kl (accessed 7 December 2017)
76. China a Nation in Uniform n.d., available at: info.texnet.com.cn/ (Translated and edited by womenofchina.cn) (accessed 18 August 2022)
Published
2022-09-23
How to Cite
Scaini, L., & Belhaddad, M. (2022). Why Does Fashion Fits China so Much?. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 9, 503. Retrieved from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/15858
Section
ESI Preprints
Copyright (c) 2022 Luca Scaini, Maria Belhaddad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
.jpg)
