Prothèse Unicompartimentale du Genou : Résultats Préliminaires D’ostéointégration du Plateau Tibial Fixe sans vis ni Ciment à Propos de 146 cas au Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque (France)
Abstract
Introduction : Les prothèses unicompartimentales du genou (PUC) ont été introduites à la fin des années 60 par Marmor, les progrès ont été faits sur la technique, les indications et sur les implants, actuellement le taux de survie des implants est en constante progression, nombreux chirurgiens ont évolués vers le plateau métal-back, c’est-à-dire avec une plaque de base métallique avec vis et ou ciment surmontée d’un insert en polyéthylène, c’est ainsi que nous nous proposons d’étudier un nouvel implant qu’on utilise avec un plateau tibial fixe sans ciment ni vis. Objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer les résultats de la survie à court terme de PUC à plateau tibial fixe sans vis ni ciment par le processus d’ostéointégration. Matériel et Méthode. Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective continue sur une période de cinq (5) ans mono centrique bi opérateurs de 146 cas de PUC type genus uni, allant de Janvier 2016 au mois de mars 2020 avec un recul moyen de 20 mois (extrême de 3-52 mois). Le service de chirurgie orthopédie-traumatologie du centre hospitalier de Bayonne (France) a servi de cadre d’étude. Les patients ont été évalués selon les scores IKS fonction et genou. Résultats. 146 patients étaient inclus, d’âge moyen 64 ans (extrême 43-83 ans), le sexe masculin prédominait 87 hommes contre 59 femmes, trois atteintes bilatérales, l’arthrose fémoro-tibiale médiale était primitive pour 141 genoux latérale pour quatre genoux, un cas d’ostéonécrose. Nos résultats étaient excellents dans 69,86%, mauvais dans 5,47%. Conclusion : Cette étude malgré son faible recul montre la pertinence de l’utilisation du plateau tibial fixe sans ciment ni vis dans hémi arthroplastie du genou.
Introduction:Unicompartmental knee prostheses (PUC) were introduced at the end of the 60s by Marmor, progress has been made on the technique, indications and on implants, currently the survival rate of implants is constantly increasing, many surgeons have evolved towards the metal-back plate, that is to say with a metal base plate with screws and / or cement surmounted by a polyethylene insert, this is how we propose to study a new implant used with a fixed tibial plateau without cement or screws. The objective of this study is to evaluate the results of short-term survival of fixed tibial plateau PUC without screws or cement through the process of osteointegration. Material and method: This is a continuous retrospective study over a period of five (5) years monocentric bioperators of 146 cases of uni genus type UKA, from January 2016 to March 2020 with an average follow-up of 20 months (extreme 3-52 months). The orthopedic-traumatology surgery department of the Bayonne hospital center (France) served as the study setting. Patients were assessed according to IKS function and knee scores. Results:146 patients were included, mean age 64 years (extreme 43-83 years), male sex predominated 87 men against 59 women, three bilateral attacks, medial femoro-tibial osteoarthritis was primary for 141 knees lateral for four knees, a case of osteonecrosis. Our results were excellent in 69.86%, bad in 5.47%. Conclusion: This study, despite its small follow-up, shows the relevance of the use of the fixed tibial plateau without cement or screws in knee hemi arthroplasty.
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