Les Tanins et les Flavonoïdes dans l'Activité Anthelminthique in Vivo et in Vitro de Newbouldia Laevis et Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloïdes sur les Vers Adultes de Haemonchus Contortus
Keywords:
Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes, Newbouldia laevis, Haemonchus contortus, tanins, PVPP, PEG
Abstract
Aux fins de déterminer in vitro et in vivo la part des tanins et des flavonoïdes dans l’activité anthelminthique de Newbouldia laevis et Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes) sur les vers adultes de H. contortus, des ovins Djallonké infestés par H. contortus ont été traités ad libitum avec des feuilles fraiches de Z. zanthoxyloïdes associées ou non à un inhibiteur de tanins, le poly éthylène glycol (PEG) sur 7 jours consécutifs. Des vers adultes de H. contortus ont été également mis en contact d’extraits de N. laevis et Z. zanthoxyloïdes en présence ou non de polyvinyle polypyrollidone (PVPP) un autre inhibiteur de tanins. In vivo, le Fagara a réduit de 20% l’excrétion fécale et l’inhibition de l’excrétion par le PEG n’est pas significative. Le nombre de vers adultes d’H. contortus a été réduit de 39%. Le traitement par les feuilles de Fagara a significativement réduit (p < 0,05) le nombre d’œuf par ver femelle d’H. contortus et cette réduction est inhibée par le PEG. In vitro, les vers adultes de H. contortus ont été très sensibles à l’effet des extraits dans les premières 24h et au-delà, où les différences d'effet avec le contrôle ont été très significatives pour le N. laevis notamment la fraction cyclohexanique (p < 0,001) et significatives pour le Fagara avec la fraction acétonique (p < 0,04). Le PVPP a partiellement restauré la mobilité jusqu'à 36h pour N. laevis respectivement 25% et 40% pour les extraits acétonique et cyclohexanique. En ce qui concerne le Fagara, le PVPP a eu une faible action sur l'extrait acétonique (33% de restauration en 24h) mais a mieux inhibé l’effet de l’extrait cyclohexanique (100% en 24h et 40% en 36h).
In order to determine in vitro and in vivo involvement of tannins and flavonoids to the anthelmintic activity of Newbouldia laevis and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes) on adult H. contortus worms, Djallonke sheep infested with H. contortus was treated ad libitum with fresh leaves of Z. zanthoxyloïdes associated or not with a tannin inhibitor, poly ethylene glycol (PEG), for seven consecutive days. Adult H. contortus worms were also exposed to extracts of N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloïdes in the presence or absence of polyvinyle polypyrollidone (PVPP), another tannin inhibitor. In vivo, Fagara reduced fecal excretion by 20% and the inhibition of the excretion by the PEG was not significant. The number of adult worms of H. contortus was reduced by 39%. Fagara leaves treatment significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the number of eggs per female H. contortus worm and this reduction was inhibited by the PEG. In vitro, adult H. contortus worms were very sensitive to the effect of the extracts in the first 24 hours and beyond, where the differences of effect with the control were high for the N. laevis with the cyclohexanic fraction (p < 0.01) and significant for Fagara with the acetonic fraction (p < 0.04). PVPP partially restored mobility up to 36 hours for N. laevis by 25% and 40% for the acetonic and cyclohexanic extracts, respectively. Concerning Fagara, PVPP had a low action on acetonic extract (33% of restoration in 24 hours), but it inhibited the effect of the cyclohexanic extract (100% in 24 hours and 40% in 36 hours).
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6. Azando, E.V.B., Hounzangbé–Adoté, M.S., Olounladé, P.A., Brunet, S., Fabre, N., Valentin, A., & Hoste. H. (2011). Involvement of tannins and flavonoids in the in vitro effects of Newbouldia laevis and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes extracts on the exsheathment of third-stage infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet. Parasitol. 180, 292-297.
7. Azando, E.V.B., Olounladé, A.P., Hounzangbé-Adoté, M.S., Tam Ha, T.B., Fabre, N., & Valentin, A. (2017). Contrôle des parasitoses gastro-intestinales ovines par l’huile essentielle de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes). Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire. 168 (10-12), 205-212.
8. Barrau, E., Fabre, N., Fouraste, I., & Hoste, H. (2005). Effect of bioactive compounds from Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) on the in vitro larval migration of Haemonchus contortus: role of tannins and flavonol glycosides. Parasitology 131, 531-538.
9. Beugnet, F. & Kerboeuf, D. (1997). La résistance aux antiparasitaires chez les parasites des ruminants. Le Point Vétérinaire, 28, n° spécial « Parasitologie des ruminants », 1949-1956.
10. Brunet, S., Aufrere, J., El Babili, F., Fouraste, I., & Hoste, H., (2007). The kinetics of exsheathment of infective nematode larvae is disturbed in the presence of a tannin-rich plant extract (sainfoin) both in vitro and in vivo. Parasitology 134, 1253–1262.
11. Cenci, F.B., Louvandini, H., Mcmanus, C.M., Dell'porto, A., Costa, D.M., Araujo, S.C., Minho, A.P., & Abdalla, A.L. (2007). Effects of condensed tannin from Acacia mearnsii on sheep infected naturally with gastrointestinal helminthes. Vet. Parasitol. 144 (1-2), 132-137.
12. Chartier, C., Soubirac, F., Pors, I., Silvestre, A., Hubert, J., Couquet, C., & Cabaret, J. (2001). Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of dairy goats under extensive management conditions in southwestern France. J. Helminthol. 75, 325-330.
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Published
2022-12-31
How to Cite
Bertrand Azando, E. V., Olounladé, A. P., & Hounzangbé-Adoté, M. S. (2022). Les Tanins et les Flavonoïdes dans l’Activité Anthelminthique in Vivo et in Vitro de Newbouldia Laevis et Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloïdes sur les Vers Adultes de Haemonchus Contortus. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 18(40), 328. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n40p328
Section
ESJ Natural/Life/Medical Sciences
Copyright (c) 2022 Erick Virgile Bertrand Azando, Abiodoun Pascal Olounladé, Mawulé Sylvie Hounzangbé-Adoté
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