The Effectiveness of Producing a Blended Learning Environment Based on the Programming of an Educational Robot to Develop Problem-solving Skills in Science for Intermediate School Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Keywords:
Problem-solving skills in Science, Blended learning Environment, Educational Robot programming
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effect of producing a Blended learning environment based on the programming of an educational robot to develop problem-solving skills in Science for intermediate school students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The sample of the study consists of (60) intermediate school students. A total of Four research questions and hypotheses were used in the study. A pre-post-test design was used to achieve the study's objectives in which special treatment was given to the experimental group, whereas no treatment was given to the control group. SPSS was used as a statistical tool to examine the present research results. The study's results proved the effectiveness of a Blended learning environment based on the programming of an educational robot in developing problem-solving skills in Science for intermediate school students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, as the experimental group showed a better performance in the post-test than the control group. Moreover, the correlation test results indicated a significant positive relationship between the Blended learning environment based on the programming of educational robot performance and students' developing problem-solving skills in Science.
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References
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31. Matukhin, D., Zhitkova, E. & Sciences, B. (2015). Implementing blended learning technology in higher professional education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 206:183-188. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.051
32. Mckinnon, P. (2016). Robotics: Everything You Need to Know About Robotics from Beginner to Expert. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform.
33. Milheim, W. (2006). Strategies for the design and delivery of blended learning courses. Educational Technology. 46(6), 44-47.
34. Polya, G. (1962). Mathematical discovery. John Wiley & Sons.
35. Pressman, R. S. (2005). Software engineering: a practitioner's approach. Palgrave macmillan.
36. Shim, J., Kwon, D., & Lee, W. (2016). The effects of a robot game environment on computer programming education for elementary school students. IEEE Transactions on Education. 60(2), 164-172.
37. Gözüm, A. İ. C., Papadakis, S., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2022). Preschool teachers’ STEM pedagogical content knowledge: A comparative study of teachers in Greece and Turkey. Frontiers in Psychology, 13.
38. Tzagaraki, E., Papadakis, S., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2022). Teachers’ Attitudes on the Use of Educational Robotics in Primary School. In STEM, Robotics, Mobile Apps in Early Childhood and Primary Education: Technology to Promote Teaching and Learning (pp. 257-283). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
39. Tzagkaraki, E., Papadakis, S., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2021). Exploring the Use of Educational Robotics in primary school and its possible place in the curricula. In Education in & with Robotics to Foster 21st-Century Skills: Proceedings of EDUROBOTICS 2020 (pp. 216-229). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
2. Alimisis, D., & Education, T. (2013). Educational robotics: Open questions and new challenges. Themes in Science & Technology Education. 6(1), 63-71.
3. Alseweed, M., (2013). Students' achievement and attitudes toward using traditional learning, blended learning, and virtual classes learning in teaching and learning at university level. Studies in literature and language. 6(1). 65-73.
4. Atmatzidou, S., Demetriadis, S. & Systems, A. (2016). Advancing students’ computational thinking skills through educational robotics: A study on age and gender relevant differences. Robotics and Autonomous Systems. 75, 661-670. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2015.10.008
5. Barak, M., Zadok, Y., & Education, D. (2009). Robotics projects and learning concepts in Science, technology, and problem-solving. International Journal of Technology and Design Education. 19(3), 289-307.
6. Bartneck, C., Bleeker, T., Bun, J., Fens, P., & Riet, L. (2010). The influence of robot anthropomorphism on the feelings of embarrassment when interacting with robots. Paladyn. 1(2), 109-115.
7. Beghetto, R. A., & Kaufman, J. C. (2010). Nurturing creativity in the classroom. Cambridge University Press.
8. Benitti, F. B. V. J. C., & Education. (2012). Exploring the educational potential of robotics in schools: A systematic review. Computers & Education. 58(3), 978-988.
9. Brahim, T, Marghitu, D., Weaver, J. (2012). A survey on robotic educational platforms for K-12. In T. Bastiaens & G. Marks (Eds.), Proceedings of E-Learn 2012--World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 1 (pp. 41-48). Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). Retrieved February 28, 2023 from https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/41555/.
10. Chen, X. (2018). How does participation in FIRST LEGO League robotics competition impact children’s problem-solving process? International Conference on Robotics and Education RiE.
11. Chew, E. (2009). A blended learning model in higher education: A comparative study of blended learning in UK and Malaysia. University of South Wales. United Kingdom.
12. Clark, P. (1994). Learning on interdisciplinary gerontological teams: Instructional concepts and methods. Educational Gerontology, 20 (4). 349-364, DOI: 10.1080/0360127940200402.
13. Dewey, J., (1910). How We Think. Dover Publications, Inc.
14. Downes, S. (2012). Connectivism and connective knowledge. Essays on meaning and learning networks. EdTech Books. https://edtechbooks.org/connectivism.
15. Eguchi, A. (2012). Educational robotics theories and practice: Tips for how to do it right. In Robots in K-12 education: A new technology for learning. 1-30. IGI Global. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4607-0.ch011.
16. Eguchi, A. (2016). Computational thinking with educational robotics. Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference,
17. Elkin, M., Sullivan, A., & Bers, M. U. J. C. i. t. S. (2016). Programming with the KIBO robotics kit in preschool classrooms. Computers in the Schools. 33(3), 169-186. DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2016.1216251.
18. Fong, T., Thorpe, C., & Baur, C. (2003). Multi-robot remote driving with collaborative control. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 50(4), 699-704.
19. France, R. et al (1992). Programming Standards – General. Retrieved From: http://www.dlib.vt.edu/projects/MarianJava/CodingStand.pdf . On: 1/8/2022.
20. Gardner, H. E. (1993). Multiple Intelligences the Theory in Practice. Basic Books/Hachette Book Group.
21. Garrison, D, & Vaughan, D. (2008). Blended learning in higher education: Framework, principles, and guidelines. John Wiley & Sons.
22. Gharacheh ,A.(2016).Presentation of blended learning conceptual pattern based on individual and social constructivism theory. International Journal of humanities and culture studies,12(1),1126-1151.
23. Harvey, S. (2003). Building effective blended learning programs. Issue of Educational Technology. 43(6), 51-54.
24. Jang, Y. (1993). The Influence of Programming Skills on Learning and Study Strategies. Journal of Intelligence. 10(3). 71.
25. Kanda, T., & Ishiguro, H. (2005). Communication robots for elementary schools. Proceedings of the Symposium on Robot Companions: Hard Problems and Open Challenges in Robot-Human Interaction. University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
26. Karagiorgi,K., Symeou,L. ,(2005). Translating constructivism into instructional design. Potential and limitations, educational technology, and society. 8(1),1-11.
27. Kelly, R., & Moreno, J. J. I. T. o. E. (2001). Learning PID structures in an introductory course of automatic control. IEEE Transactions on Education. 44(4), 373-376.
28. Kintu, M.J., Zhu, C. & Kagambe, E. (2017). Blended learning effectiveness: the relationship between student characteristics, design features and outcomes. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher
29. Littlejohn, A., & Pegler, C. (2007). Preparing for blended e-learning. Routledge.
30. Maker, C., & Schiever, S. W. (2005). Teaching models in education of the gifted. ERIC.
31. Matukhin, D., Zhitkova, E. & Sciences, B. (2015). Implementing blended learning technology in higher professional education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 206:183-188. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.051
32. Mckinnon, P. (2016). Robotics: Everything You Need to Know About Robotics from Beginner to Expert. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform.
33. Milheim, W. (2006). Strategies for the design and delivery of blended learning courses. Educational Technology. 46(6), 44-47.
34. Polya, G. (1962). Mathematical discovery. John Wiley & Sons.
35. Pressman, R. S. (2005). Software engineering: a practitioner's approach. Palgrave macmillan.
36. Shim, J., Kwon, D., & Lee, W. (2016). The effects of a robot game environment on computer programming education for elementary school students. IEEE Transactions on Education. 60(2), 164-172.
37. Gözüm, A. İ. C., Papadakis, S., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2022). Preschool teachers’ STEM pedagogical content knowledge: A comparative study of teachers in Greece and Turkey. Frontiers in Psychology, 13.
38. Tzagaraki, E., Papadakis, S., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2022). Teachers’ Attitudes on the Use of Educational Robotics in Primary School. In STEM, Robotics, Mobile Apps in Early Childhood and Primary Education: Technology to Promote Teaching and Learning (pp. 257-283). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
39. Tzagkaraki, E., Papadakis, S., & Kalogiannakis, M. (2021). Exploring the Use of Educational Robotics in primary school and its possible place in the curricula. In Education in & with Robotics to Foster 21st-Century Skills: Proceedings of EDUROBOTICS 2020 (pp. 216-229). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Published
2023-04-29
How to Cite
Elmorsy Agwa, M. G., El-Desouki, M. I., & Elnagar, M. E. (2023). The Effectiveness of Producing a Blended Learning Environment Based on the Programming of an Educational Robot to Develop Problem-solving Skills in Science for Intermediate School Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 19(10), 40. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n10p40
Section
ESJ Social Sciences
Copyright (c) 2023 Mohamed Gomaa Elmorsy Agwa, Mohamed Ibrahim El-Desouki, Mohamed Elsayed Elnagar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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