Estudio in Vitro Sobre la Resistencia del Enterococo faecalis Empleando Hidroxido de Calcio Combinado con Tres Vehiculos

Jesús O. Bautista Gutiérrez; Socorro Maribel Liñán Fernández; Elsa Gabriela Valero Vélez; Claudia Adriana Rivera Albarrán; Aidé Terán Alcocer; María Carlota García Gutiérrez

doi:10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p37

Jesús O. Bautista Gutiérrez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
Socorro Maribel Liñán Fernández Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
Elsa Gabriela Valero Vélez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
Claudia Adriana Rivera Albarrán Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
Aidé Terán Alcocer Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
María Carlota García Gutiérrez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p37

Keywords: Medicamento intraconducto, Enterococcus faecalis, vehículo, Hidróxido de calcio, Propilenglicol, Hipoclorito de sodio

Abstract

Introducción: Los vehículos de los medicamentos intraconductos, desempeñan un gran papel en el tratamiento endodóntico, poseen la capacidad de regular el efecto antimicrobiano en el conducto radicular Objetivo: Analizar la sensibilidad in vitro del Enterococcus faecalis ante tres vehículos distintos combinados con hidróxido de calcio como medicamento intraconducto. Material y métodos: El diseño del presente estudio fue experimental In vitro. Se utilizaron cajas Petri, cada una de ellas con cultivo de Enterococo faecalis. En cada caja, se colocaron 5 discos de papel, cada uno de ellos embebidos en sustancias distintas; el primero fue embebido en la mezcla de hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio, el segundo en hidróxido de calcio con propilenglicol, el tercero en hidróxido de calcio con solución fisiológica. Se utilizó la clorhexidina (control positivo) y la solución fisiológica (control negativo). Estos últimos no fueron mezclados con el hidróxido de calcio como las muestras anteriores. Esta acción se llevó a cabo en 11 repeticiones. . Todas las muestras se introdujeron a una incubadora a 36°C por 24 horas. Después se midieron los halos de inhibición mediante el programa Image-J. Toda la información fue vaciada en una base de datos. Posteriormente se realizó análisis estadístico empleando el programa Graphpad prism 9. Se empleo la prueba t de student para la obtención de resultados. A partir de esto se elaboraron tablas y gráficas para realizar su análisis estadístico. Resultados: Se realizó la comparación de los halos de inhibición del hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio, hidróxido de calcio con propilenglicol e hidróxido de calcio con solución fisiológica contra el Enterococcus faecalis en donde la combinación del hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio resultó ser la más eficaz. Estos resultados fueron comparados con el grupo de clorhexidina (control positivo) encontrándose como resultado el valor de p=<0.0001, lo que comprueba que es estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones: La clorhexidina es el medicamento intraconducto y el vehículo de elección para combatir el Enterococo faecalis, sin embargo, de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio la mezcla de hipoclorito de sodio con hidróxido de calcio, también mostró poseer una capacidad inhibitoria del Enterococo faecalis.

Introduction: Intracanal drug vehicles play a great role in endodontic treatment; they have the ability to regulate the antimicrobial effect on the root canal. Objective: To analyze the in vitro sensitivity of Enterococcus faecalis to three different vehicles combined with calcium hydroxide as intraductal medication. Material and methods: The present study’s design was experimental in vitro. Petri dishes were used, each with a culture of Enterococcus faecalis. In each box, 5 paper discs were placed, each of them soaked in different substances; The first was soaked in the mixture of calcium hydroxide with sodium hypochlorite, the second in calcium hydroxide with propylene glycol, the third in calcium hydroxide with physiological solution. Chlorhexidine (positive control) and physiological solution (negative control) were used. The latter were not mixed with calcium hydroxide like the previous samples. This action was carried out in 11 repetitions. All samples were placed in an incubator at 36°C for 24 hours. The inhibition zones were then measured using the Image-J program. All information was emptied into a database. Subsequently, statistical analysis was carried out using the Graphpad Prism 9 program. The student's t-test was used to obtain results. From this, tables and graphs were prepared to carry out statistical analysis. Results: A comparison was made of the inhibition zones of calcium hydroxide with sodium hypochlorite, calcium hydroxide with propylene glycol, and calcium hydroxide with a physiological solution against Enterococcus faecalis where the combination of calcium hydroxide with sodium hypochlorite turned out to be the most effective. These results were compared with the chlorhexidine group (positive control), resulting in a value of p=<0.0001, which proves that it is statistically significant. Conclusions: Chlorhexidine is the intraductal medication and the vehicle of choice to combat Enterococcus faecalis, however, according to the results obtained in the present study, the mixture of sodium hypochlorite with calcium hydroxide also showed to have an inhibitory capacity against Enterococcus faecalis.

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