Africa: Neo-Capitalism Neo-Colonialism Neo-National Liberation Movement
Keywords:
Underdevelopment - armed conflict - colonialism - neocolonialism - development - neo-capitalism - neo-liberalism
Abstract
Africa entered the twenty-first century 'saddled with brain drain, political violence, repression of human rights and the lack of a productive professional and technological environment.' African armies continued to seize the political power taking advantage of a massive civilian movement motivated by experienced professional and worker trades unions supporting millions of aspiring patriotic youths in need of education, job opportunities, and organizational training. While the glorious legacies of the older generations of DuBois, Nkrumah, Nasir, Mandela, and many other liberal leaderships passed away, a new wave of predominantly youth populations has exceedingly taken the lead, defying neo-capitalism and escalating confrontation with neo-colonialism free of underdevelopment exploitation and abuse of authority, foreign investors from all corners of the planet must salvage the indigenous farmers productive force and the impoverished low-income workers and professionals from long-lasting deprivations.
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References
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5. Baali, Fuad (1988). Society, state, and urbanism: Ibn Khaldun’s sociological thought. Albany: State University of New York.
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7. Bukuku, Enos & Mahmoud, Mahgoub (1989). “Social Aspects of African Development.” In: African Development Prospects – A Policy Modeling Approach, edited by Dominick Salvatore (UN publication). New York: Taylor & Francis.
8. Bosshard, Peter (2000). New Chinese Dam Project to Fuel Ethnic Conflict in Sudan. The World Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-bosshard/new-chinese-dam-project-t_b_811384.html.
9. Carson, Johnnie & Joseph Sany, 2024, ‘Suddenly, Senegal is a new threat for Democracy in Africa’: https://www.usip.org/publications/2024/02/suddenly-Senegal
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21. Mazrui, Alamin and Willy Mutunga (2003). Ali Mazrui on the Cult of African Leaderships. Governance and Leadership: Debating the African Condition Mazrui and His Critics. Volume II: Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, Inc.
22. Mirna Seliman (2013). Wealthy Gulf Arab investors warm to Africa. Reuters: http://www.reuters.com/article/2 (January 2, 2013).
23. Mutua, Mkau (2000). The African Human Rights System A Critical Evaluation. hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/mutua.pdf.
24. OAU (1981). https://au.int/sites/default/files/treaties/36390-treaty-0011_-_african_charter_on_human_and_peoples_rights_e.pdf
25. Orum, Anthony M. & John G. Dale (2009). Political Sociology power and participation in the Modern World. Fifth Edition, Oxford University Press.
26. Ponzanesi, Sandra and Gianmaria Colpani (2016), Postcolonial Transitions in Europe. Contexts, Practices and Politics. London, Rowman and Littlefield.
27. Safi, Omid (2008). Progressive Muslims, One Worlds, Oxford.
28. SHRO (2006). ‘Condemns murderous attacks on citizens of Merowe.’ https://sudantribune.com/article15773/#google_vignette.
29. The Guardian (2014). Sudan's anti-dam movement fights the flooding of Nubian culture. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/12/sudans-anti-dam-movement-fights-the-flooding-of-nubian.
30. UNCTAD (2013). World Investment Report 2013, Global value chains: Investment and Trade for Development. New York: http://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2013_en.pdf.
31. VMHC (Virginia Museum for History & Culture, 2024). ‘W.E.B. DuBois and the NAACP’ https://virginiahistory.org/learn/civil-rights-movement-
32. Weissbrodt, David and Anti-Slavery International (2002). Abolishing Slavery and its Contemporary Forms. New York: OHCHR http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/slaveryen.pdf
33. World Post (2017). Top 10 Worst Countries for Workers’ Rights: The No Ranking Country Should Want. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/sharan-burrow/top-ten-worst-countries-f_b_7553364.html.
Published
2024-06-10
How to Cite
Mahmoud, M. E.-T. (2024). Africa: Neo-Capitalism Neo-Colonialism Neo-National Liberation Movement. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 30, 1. Retrieved from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/18230
Section
ESI Preprints
Copyright (c) 2024 Mahgoub El-Tigani Mahmoud
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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