The carbon footprint as a key indicator for environmental management controllers: towards environmental performance: A literature review

  • Kaoutar Bouchouit National School of Business and Management, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
  • Azzouz Elhamma National School of Business and Management, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
Keywords: Environmental Management Control, Environmental Performance, Carbon Footprint, Management Control Tools, Sustainability

Abstract

Environmental considerations are increasingly critical for corporate sustainability and success. While businesses integrate environmental management into their strategies, the practical implementation of environmental management control systems, or “eco-control,” remains underexplored. This paper examines the conditions necessary for effectively integrating carbon footprint requirements and regulatory codes into eco-control systems. We articulate the importance of environmental performance objectives in addition to traditional performance objectives as core values of control management. Additionally, we highlight the pivotal role of environmental management controllers in aligning environmental sustainability with traditional business objectives. By measuring greenhouse gas emissions and developing strategies that are both economically viable and environmentally sound, controllers embed environmental objectives into core business processes. Despite challenges like capturing indirect emissions and the lack of standardized reporting methods, they have the potential to make sustainability a strategic component of corporate management. Future research should focus on enhancing their role by developing better tools and standardized methodologies for measuring environmental performance.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

1. Alazard, C. (2004). Contrôle de gestion: Outils et applications (3rd ed.). Dunod.
2. AlTuwaijri, S. A., Christensen, T. E., & Hughes, K. E. (2004). The relations among environmental disclosure, environmental performance, and economic performance: A simultaneous equations approach. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 29(5-6), 447-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-3682(03)00032-1
3. Anderson, R. C. (1998). Mid-course correction: Toward a sustainable enterprise: The Interface model. Chelsea Green Publishing.
4. Antheaume, N. (2004). Valuing external costs—from theory to practice: Implications for full cost environmental accounting. European Accounting Review, 13(3), 443-464. https://doi.org/10.1080/0963818042000216832
5. Antheaume, N. (2013). Le contrôle de gestion environnemental: Définitions et enjeux pour le pilotage de la performance globale. Management & Avenir, 61, 143-157. https://doi.org/10.3917/mav.061.0143
6. Anthony, R. N. (1965). Planning and control systems: A framework for analysis. Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration.
7. Anthony, R. N. (1980). The management control function (2nd ed.). Harvard Business School Press.
8. Anthony, R. N. (1988). The management control function. Harvard Business School Press.
9. Apitsa, S. M. (2019). Sustainable innovations and environmental performance: The role of eco-design, circular economy, and carbon footprint reduction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 234, 923-937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.089
10. Ardouin, P., Michel, C., & Schmidt, M. (1985). Le contrôle de gestion. Economica.
11. Bastianoni, S., Pulselli, F. M., & Tiezzi, E. (2013). The ecological footprint as a measure of environmental impact: Methods and applications. Journal of Environmental Management, 114, 6-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.09.010
12. Becheker, H., & Bekour, L. (2021). The role of environmental awareness, education, and stakeholder participation in enhancing corporate environmental performance. Sustainable Development, 29(3), 341-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2117
13. Berland, N. (2007). Le contrôle de gestion dans les PME: Une mise à jour théorique. Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, 10(1), 127-149.
14. Boiral, O. (2007). Corporate greening through ISO 14001: A rational myth? Organization Science, 18(1), 127-146. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1060.0224
15. Bollecker, M. (2007). Les nouvelles frontières du contrôle de gestion. Revue Française de Gestion, 33(175), 61-78. https://doi.org/10.3166/rfg.175.61-78
16. Bouquin, H. (1989). Le contrôle de gestion. Presses Universitaires de France.
17. Bouquin, H. (2010). Le contrôle de gestion (6th ed.). Presses Universitaires de France.
18. Briers, M., & Chua, W. F. (2001). The role of actor-networks and boundary objects in management accounting change: A field study of an implementation of activity-based costing. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 26(3), 237-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-3682(00)00029-5
19. Burritt, R. L., & Schaltegger, S. (2010). Sustainability accounting and reporting: Fad or trend? Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 23(7), 829-846. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513571011080144
20. Burritt, R. L., Schaltegger, S., & Zvezdov, D. (2011). Carbon management accounting: Explaining practice in leading German companies. Australian Accounting Review, 21(1), 80-98. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-2561.2010.00117.x
21. Callon, M. (1986). Some elements of a sociology of translation: Domestication of the scallops and the fishermen of St Brieuc Bay. In J. Law (Ed.), Power, action, and belief: A new sociology of knowledge? (pp. 196-233). Routledge & Kegan Paul.
22. Capron, M., & Quairel, F. (1998). Développement durable et entreprise: Enjeux pour la comptabilité et le contrôle de gestion. La Découverte.
23. Capron, M., & Quairel-Lanoizelée, F. (2004). Mythes et réalités de l’entreprise responsable. La Découverte.
24. Caron, M., Fortin, A., & Janicot, G. (2007). Les systèmes de gestion de la performance environnementale: Une approche exploratoire. Comptabilité Contrôle Audit, 13(1), 117-139.
25. Chandler, A. D. (1967). Strategy and structure: Chapters in the history of the industrial enterprise. MIT Press.
26. CMA Canada. (1999a). The management accounting guideline: Environmental costing. The Society of Management Accountants of Canada.
27. CMA Canada. (1999b). The management accounting guideline: Implementing environmental management accounting. The Society of Management Accountants of Canada.
28. Cole, M. A., Elliott, R. J. R., & Strobl, E. (2008). The environmental performance of firms: The role of foreign ownership, training, and experience. Ecological Economics, 65(3), 538-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.07.025
29. Coucoureux, M. (2010). Stratégie et contrôle de gestion. Foucher.
30. Da Silva, A. S. (2013). Corporate environmental policies and their impact on organizational performance: The role of environmental regulations. Environmental Management, 52(4), 761-775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-013-0134-5
31. DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101
32. Epstein, M. J., & Roy, M. J. (2001). Sustainability in action: Identifying and measuring the key performance drivers. Long Range Planning, 34(5), 585-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(01)00097-9
33. Figge, F., Hahn, T., Schaltegger, S., & Wagner, M. (2002). The sustainability balanced scorecard—Linking sustainability management to business strategy. Business Strategy and the Environment, 11(5), 269-284. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.339
34. Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman Publishing.
35. Freeman, R. E., Wicks, A. C., & Parmar, B. (2004). Stakeholder theory and “The corporate objective revisited.” Organization Science, 15(3), 364-369. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1040.0066
36. Gantt, H. L. (1906). Work, wages, and profits. Engineering Magazine Company.
37. Garrone, P., & Melac, G. (2015). The value of strategic carbon footprint management in competitive markets. Journal of Business Strategy, 36(5), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-05-2014-0057
38. Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). (2016). GRI sustainability reporting standards. https://www.globalreporting.org/standards/
39. Guinée, J. B., Gorrée, M., Heijungs, R., Huppes, G., Kleijn, R., Koning, A. D., ... & Suh, S. (2011). Life cycle assessment: An operational guide to the ISO standards. Springer.
40. Hansen, A., & Mouritsen, J. (2005). Strategies and organizational problems: Constructing corporate value and coherence in balanced scorecard processes. In C. S. Chapman (Ed.), Controlling strategy: Management, accounting, and performance measurement (pp. 125-150). Oxford University Press.
41. Henri, J. F., & Giasson, R. (2006). A conceptual framework for measuring environmental performance: Four dimensions for sustainable success. Comptabilité Contrôle Audit, 12(2), 89-110.
42. Henri, J. F., & Journeault, M. (2006). Eco-control: The influence of management control systems on environmental and economic performance. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 35(1), 63-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2009.02.001
43. Henri, J. F., & Journeault, M. (2008). Environmental performance indicators: An empirical study of Canadian manufacturing firms. Journal of Environmental Management, 87(1), 165-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.01.009
44. Hofbeck, G. (1993). Le contrôle de gestion environnemental. Revue Française de Gestion.
45. Igalens, J. (2004). La responsabilité sociétale des entreprises. Presses Universitaires de France.
46. International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (1996). ISO 14000: Environmental management systems – General guidelines on principles, systems, and supporting techniques. ISO.
47. International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2013). ISO 14031: Environmental management – Environmental performance evaluation – Guidelines. ISO.
48. International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2015). ISO 14001: Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use. ISO.
49. Jancovici, J. M. (n.d.). Carbon footprint tool: Calculating greenhouse gas emissions. ADEME (Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l’Énergie).
50. Janicot, G. (2007). Écologie et entreprise: Une approche par le contrôle de gestion. Revue Française de Gestion, 175, 97-108.
51. Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1992). The balanced scorecard—Measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review, 70(1), 71-79.
52. Kerviller, Y., & Kerviller, G. (1994). La pratique du contrôle de gestion. Editions d’Organisation.
53. King, A. A., & Lenox, M. J. (2001). Does it really pay to be green? An empirical study of firm environmental and financial performance. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 5(1), 105-116. https://doi.org/10.1162/108819801753358526
54. Laforest, L., Trumpp, C., Guenther, T., & Hahn, R. (2015). Measuring corporate environmental performance: Empirical evidence from the German stock market. Journal of Business Economics, 85(4), 457-490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-014-0761-7
55. Langevin, P. (1999). Le contrôle de gestion dans l’entreprise intégrée: Vers une perspective macro-économique. Revue Française de Comptabilité, 306, 64-70.
56. Latour, B. (1989). Science in action: How to follow scientists and engineers through society. Harvard University Press.
57. Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network theory. Oxford University Press.
58. Lenzen, M., Murray, J., Sack, F., & Wiedmann, T. (2013). Shared producer and consumer responsibility—Theory and practice. Ecological Economics, 93, 162-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.05.012
59. Lothe, S., Myrtveit, I., & Trapani, T. (1999). The link between environmental and economic performance: Experiences from the petroleum industry. Business Strategy and the Environment, 8(5), 339-344. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0836(199909/10)8:5<339::AID-BSE207>3.0.CO;2-K
60. Marquet-Pondeville, S. (2003). Le contrôle de gestion environnemental: Émergence et perspectives. Comptabilité Contrôle Audit, 9(3), 101-122.
61. Melnyk, S. A., Sroufe, R. P., & Calantone, R. J. (2003). Assessing the impact of environmental management systems on corporate and environmental performance. Journal of Operations Management, 21(3), 329-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-6963(02)00109-2
62. Moquet, A. (2008). Le rôle des spécialistes environnementaux dans le contrôle de gestion. Revue du Financier, 166, 76-85.
63. Morioka, S. N., & de Carvalho, M. M. (2016). A systematic literature review towards a conceptual framework for integrating sustainability performance into business. Journal of Cleaner Production, 136, 134-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.104
64. Oliver, C. (1991). Strategic responses to institutional processes. Academy of Management Review, 16(1), 145-179. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1991.4279002
65. Pasquero, J. (2005). La gouvernance d’entreprise: La recherche de l’équilibre entre l’intérêt des propriétaires et celui des parties prenantes. Revue Française de Gestion, 157, 137-159.
66. Pezet, A. (2009). Contrôler et gérer: Une histoire du contrôle de gestion. La Découverte.
67. Poivet, P. (2014). Calculating the carbon footprint: A guide to corporate carbon emissions. Editions Quae.
68. Pondeville, S. (2003). Les systèmes d’information environnementaux: Un levier pour le développement durable. Editions Management et Société.
69. Quairel, F. (2004). Reporting environnemental et démarche stratégique: La place de la RSE dans la stratégie des entreprises. Revue Française de Comptabilité, 367, 55-59.
70. Quairel, F., & Rivière-Giordano, G. (2006). Sustainability management and control: Facing complex regulations and societal pressures. Revue Française de Comptabilité, 388, 45-50.
71. Renaud, M. (2013). Le rôle des contrôleurs de gestion dans la performance environnementale. Revue Française de Comptabilité, 469, 66-73.
72. Renaud, M. (2013a). Le contrôle de gestion environnemental: Vers une nouvelle dynamique stratégique. Revue Française de Comptabilité.
73. Renaud, M. (2015). Le contrôle de gestion environnemental: Vers une nouvelle dynamique stratégique. Revue Française de Comptabilité.
74. Riot, M. (2013). Measuring environmental impacts: Tools for integrating ecological indicators in corporate strategy. Environmental Science & Policy, 27, 114-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2012.07.005
75. Rivière-Giordano, G. (2007). Le rôle du contrôleur de gestion dans la gestion environnementale. Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, 10(3), 55-72.
76. Sarkis, J. (1999). A strategic decision framework for green supply chain management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 7(4), 397-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(99)00012-8
77. Savall, H. (1995). Le contrôle de gestion environnemental: Outils de gestion pour la performance globale. Economica.
78. Schaltegger, S., & Burritt, R. L. (2000). Contemporary environmental accounting: Issues, concepts, and practice. Greenleaf Publishing.
79. Schaltegger, S., Burritt, R. L., & Petersen, H. (2003). An introduction to corporate environmental management: Striving for sustainability. Greenleaf Publishing.
80. Searcy, C. (2012). Corporate sustainability performance measurement systems: A review and research agenda. Journal of Business Ethics, 107(3), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1038-z
81. Simons, R. (1995). Levers of control: How managers use innovative control systems to drive strategic renewal. Harvard Business School Press.
82. Sobczak, A. (2011). L'évolution du rôle du contrôleur de gestion face aux nouvelles exigences en matière de responsabilité sociale des entreprises. Management & Avenir, 55, 61-74. https://doi.org/10.3917/mav.055.0061
83. Taylor, F. W. (1905). Shop management. Harper & Brothers.
84. Thomson Reuters. (2015). ASSET4 ESG data analysis framework. Thomson Reuters.
85. Trumpp, C., Guenther, T., & Hahn, R. (2015). Corporate environmental performance: A meta-analysis of empirical evidence. Journal of Business Economics, 85(4), 457-490.
86. Turki, A. (2009). Évaluation de la performance environnementale des entreprises: Modèle conceptuel et application pratique. Economica.
87. Turki, A. (2014). Un cadre stratégique pour mesurer la performance environnementale des entreprises. Revue Française de Gestion, 40(245), 107-122.
88. Wagner, M. (2005). How to reconcile environmental and economic performance to improve corporate sustainability: Corporate environmental strategies in the European paper industry. Journal of Environmental Management, 76(2), 105-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.11.021
89. Wiedmann, T., & Minx, J. (2008). A definition of carbon footprint. In C. C. Pertsova (Ed.), Ecological economics research trends (pp. 1-11). Nova Science Publishers.
90. Wilmshurst, T. D., & Frost, G. R. (2001). The role of accounting and the accountant in the environmental management system. Business Strategy and the Environment, 10(3), 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.283
91. Xie, H., & Hayase, K. (2007). Corporate environmental performance: The role of firm size and industry type in an emerging market. Environmental Science & Policy, 10(4), 328-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2007.01.004
92. Xue, Y., Xu, X., & Zhang, L. (2017). Corporate environmental performance, CEO compensation, and firm value: Evidence from China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 1031-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.146
93. Yeo, R. (2003). Linking organisational learning to organisational performance and success: Singapore case studies. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 24(2), 70-83. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730310463262
Published
2024-12-23
How to Cite
Bouchouit, K., & Elhamma, A. (2024). The carbon footprint as a key indicator for environmental management controllers: towards environmental performance: A literature review. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 36, 315. Retrieved from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/18882
Section
ESI Preprints