Revue systématique de l'association entre les déplacements domicile-travail et le bien-être subjectif

Oumaima Elfarkh; Samira Oukarfi

doi:10.19044/esj.2025.v21n14p178

Oumaima Elfarkh Chercheuse en Sciences Economiques au Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion, Information et Gouvernance (LARMIG) de l'Université Hassan II, FSJES Ain Sebaa Casablanca, Maroc
Samira Oukarfi (Professeure d'Enseignement Supérieur) Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion, Information et Gouvernance, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales Ain Sebaa, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Maroc

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2025.v21n14p178

Keywords: Trajet domicile-travail, Bien-être subjectif, Temps de déplacement, Mode de transport, Mobilité quotidienne

Abstract

Les déplacements domicile-travail font partie intégrante de la vie quotidienne et peuvent avoir une influence significative sur le bien-être subjectif (SWB). Les résultats des recherches sur la relation entre les déplacements et le bien-être subjectif sont toutefois contradictoires, d'où la nécessité d'une synthèse systématique des données existantes. Conformément aux principes PRISMA, cette revue systématique vise à examiner les relations entre les caractéristiques des déplacements domicile-travail et les différentes dimensions du bien-être subjectif. Nous avons inclus uniquement des études évaluées par des pairs, publiées entre 2010 et 2023, analysant les effets de la durée du trajet, du mode de transport et de la distance sur les composantes cognitive, affective et eudémonique du bien-être subjectif. Les bases de données mobilisées pour cette recherche sont Scopus, Google Scholar et PubMed. Après l'application des critères d'inclusion et une évaluation rigoureuse de la qualité méthodologique, un total de 32 études a été retenu. Les résultats montrent que les trajets longs sont associés à des niveaux de bien-être plus faibles, notamment en raison de la réduction du temps consacré au repos, aux loisirs et aux interactions sociales. Les modes de transport actifs, tels que la marche et le vélo, sont associés à une satisfaction plus élevée et à un niveau de stress moindre. En revanche, les transports en commun sont souvent perçus négativement, en raison de l’inconfort, des retards et du manque de fiabilité. Enfin, les caractéristiques individuelles jouent un rôle déterminant : les femmes et les parents ayant des responsabilités familiales apparaissent plus vulnérables aux effets négatifs des déplacements, tandis que les jeunes et les personnes seules semblent s’y adapter plus facilement.

Commuting is an integral part of daily life and can have a significant influence on subjective well-being (SWB). However, findings from research on the relationship between commuting and SWB remain contradictory, highlighting the need for a systematic synthesis of existing data. In line with PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aims to examine the relationships between commuting characteristics and the different dimensions of subjective well-being. Only peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2023 were included, focusing on the effects of travel time, mode of transport, and commuting distance on the cognitive, affective, and eudaimonic components of SWB. The databases consulted were Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed.

After applying inclusion criteria and conducting a rigorous methodological quality assessment, a total of 32 studies were retained. The results indicate that long commutes are associated with lower levels of well-being, mainly due to reduced time for rest, leisure, and social interaction. Active modes of transport, such as walking and cycling, are consistently linked to higher satisfaction and lower stress levels. In contrast, public transportation is often perceived negatively due to discomfort, delays, and lack of reliability. Finally, individual characteristics play a key role: women and parents with family responsibilities appear more vulnerable to the negative effects of commuting, whereas young people and single individuals tend to adapt more easily.

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