Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to Interpret Geochemical Composition of Toxic Waste

Olivier Kouadio; Kouassi Dongo; Koffi Sebastien Ouffoue; Antoine Koffi; Maxime Romeo Kouadio

Olivier Kouadio University Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, UFR of Biology sciences, Departement of Geosciences, Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire Ivorian Antipollution Center (CIAPOL), Immeuble Grand Siege, Carrefour Kaiser, Cocody Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Kouassi Dongo University Felix Houphouët Boigny, UFR of Earth Sciences and Mining Resources, Labolatory of Soil, Hydrogeology and Geomaterial, Côte d’Ivoire
Koffi Sebastien Ouffoue University Felix Houphouët Boigny, UFR of Structure, Matter and Technology Sciences, Labolatory of Structural Organic Chemestry and Natural Substance, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire Ivorian Antipollution Center (CIAPOL), Immeuble Grand Siege, Carrefour Kaiser, Cocody Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Antoine Koffi University Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, UFR of Biology sciences, Departement of Geosciences, Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire
Maxime Romeo Kouadio University Felix Houphouët Boigny, UFR of Health Biology, Department of Clinical and Fondamental Biochemistry, Institute Pasteur, Côte d’Ivoire

Keywords: Toxic waste, Trafigura, Probo Koala, Polycyclics Aromatics Hydrocarbons (PAH), Volatile Aromatics Compound (VAC), Aliphatic hydrocarbons, Linear hydrocarbons, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), Mercaptans, Sulfur, Heavy metals, Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

Abstract

The Ivorian Antipollution Center discovered toxic waste from Probo Koala ship in August 21, 2006. This ship had been used by the Trafigura company to refine oil called naphtha of cokéfaction at sea. The refining process involved caustic sodium carbonate washing, which produced toxic waste. This waste was unloaded in 13 areas of the Abidjan district: Akouédo, Abobo, Abobo-Alépé Road (Djibi village), Civile Prison Road (MACA), the industrial zone of Koumassi, and Port-Bouët-Vridi CAP Logistic (Rue Saint-Sylvestre), among others. This situation caused a socio-political crisis and resulted in the deaths of many people. Initial analysis showed that the substances in the toxic waste originated from petroleum processing. To access the environmental impact of this pollution in the Abidjan district (Ivory Coast), samples of the toxic waste were sent for analysis to the Wessling laboratory in France. The results revealed that the waste contained Polycyclics Aromatics Hydrocarbons (PAH), Volatile Aromatics Compound (VAC), Mercaptans, Sulfur molecules, Aliphatic hydrocarbons, Linear hydrocarbons, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), and heavy metals.

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Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to Interpret Geochemical Composition of Toxic Waste

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