Caractérisation de la composition nutritionnelle de l’amarante (Amaranthus spp.) en réponse à différents types de fertilisation à Kinshasa
Abstract
L’amarante (Amaranthus spp.) est un légume-feuille essentiel pour la sécurité nutritionnelle en République Démocratique du Congo, fournissant des protéines et des minéraux essentiels. Cependant, sa qualité biochimique dépend fortement de la gestion de la fertilité du sol. Cette étude visait à évaluer l’effet comparatif de l’engrais organique frass (issu de larves de mouche soldat noire, Hermetia illucens L.), de fiente de poule et de l’Urée sur la composition bromatologique de l’amarante à Kinshasa.
L’expérimentation a été conduite suivant un dispositif en blocs complets randomisés avec sept traitements. Les résultats d’analyses effectuées au laboratoire LANAL (UNIKIN) révèlent que l’application du frass à 100 % (T6) optimise significativement la teneur en protéines, atteignant 5,11 %, contre 4,60 % pour l’urée et 4,54 % pour le témoin. Contrairement aux estimations antérieures, les teneurs en fibres ont été stabilisées entre 1,76 % (T6) et 1,81 % (T0), confirmant que la fertilisation au Frass préserve la tendreté des feuilles. Le Frass de MSN s’avère être une alternative bio-circulaire performante pour améliorer la densité nutritionnelle de l’amarante en zone tropicale.
Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) is a vital leafy vegetable for nutritional security in the Democratic Republic of Congo, providing essential proteins and minerals. However, its biochemical quality is highly dependent on soil fertility management. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) frass, poultry manure, and urea on the nutritional composition of amaranth in Kinshasa. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with seven treatments. Laboratory analyses conducted at LANAL (UNIKIN) show that the 100% frass treatment (T6) presents the highest protein content (5.11%), compared with urea (4.60%) and the control (4.54%). Fiber contents remain low and relatively homogeneous among treatments, ranging from 1.76% to 1.82%, with the lowest value observed under T6. These results indicate that frass constitutes a promising organic alternative for improving the nutritional density of amaranth in tropical conditions.
Downloads
References
Achigan-Dako, E. G., Sogbohossou, O. E. D., & Maundu, P. (2014). Current knowledge on Amaranthus spp.: Research priorities for Sub-Saharan Africa. South African Journal of Botany, 92, 2–13.
Akin-Idowu, P. E., Odunola, O. A., Gbadegesin, M. A., Oke, A., & Orkpeh, U. (2016). Assessment of the nutritional quality of some Amaranthus species. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 10(1), 160–172.
Barragán-Fonseca, K. B., Nurfikari, A., van de Zande, E. M., Wantulla, M., van Loon, J. J. A., Dicke, M., & Cascone, P. (2022). Insect frass: A new frontier for sustainable agriculture. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 54, Article 100971.
Beesigamukama, D., Mochoge, B., Korir, N. K., Musyoka, M. W., Fiaboe, K. K. M., Nakimbugwe, D., Khamis, F. M., Subramanian, S., Mugendi, D. N., Ekesi, S., & Tanga, C. M. (2020). Low-cost technology for recycling agro-industrial waste into nutrient-rich organic fertilizer using Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (L.). Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4, Article 574592.
Chepkorir, A., Tanga, C. M., Beesigamukama, D., Imathiu, S., & Niassy, S. (2024). Insect frass as a regenerative biofertilizer for improved crop growth and soil health. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, Article 1365482.
Chivenge, P., Vanlauwe, B., & Six, J. (2011). Does the combined application of organic and mineral nutrient sources influence maize productivity? A meta-analysis. Plant and Soil, 342(1–2), 1–30.
FAO. (2021). La situation mondiale de l’alimentation et de l’agriculture : Vers une transformation des systèmes agroalimentaires pour une sécurité nutritionnelle durable. Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture.
Kahindo, J. M., Mugendi, D. N., & Mutuo, P. (2019). Soil fertility constraints in the Congo Basin and implications for sustainable agriculture. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 14(10), 582–593.
Liu, C., Wang, C., & Yao, H. (2020). Comprehensive extraction of chitin from Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) pupal exuviae. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 155, 1354–1361.
Lomonaco, C., Lazzari, L., Maienza, A., Terzano, R., & Vagnoli, C. (2022). Frass from Black Soldier Fly larvae: A promising soil amendment for sustainable agriculture. Applied Sciences, 12(11), Article 5432.
Meneguz, M., Schiavone, A., Gai, F., Dama, A., Lussiana, C., Renna, M., & Gasco, L. (2018). Effect of rearing substrate on growth performance and composition of Hermetia illucens larvae. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, 4(1), 23–31.
Mlakar, S. G., Turinek, M., Jakop, M., Bavec, M., & Bavec, F. (2010). Nutrition value and use of grain amaranth: Potential for future. Agricultura, 7, 43–53.
Ojeniyi, S. O. (2000). Effect of goat manure on leaf nutrients content and yield of Amaranthus. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 5, 20–23.
Palm, C. A., Gachengo, C. N., Delve, R. J., Cadisch, G., & Giller, K. E. (2001). Organic inputs for soil fertility management in tropical agroecosystems: Application of an organic resource quality index. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 83(1–2), 27–42.
Romano, N., Fischer, H., Kumar, V., Francis, S., & Sinha, A. K. (2023). Partially replacing synthetic fertilizers with Black Soldier Fly frass enhances soil fertility and reduces nutrient losses. Tropical Agriculture, 100(2), 215–226.
Sarker, U., & Oba, S. (2019). Antioxidant constituents of three selected red and green Amaranthus leafy vegetable. Scientific Reports, 9(1), Article 18203.
Sarker, U., Oba, S., & Daramy, M. A. (2018). Augmentation of nutrients and colorants in Amaranthus tricolor by leaf consumption stages. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 17949.
Tanga, C. M., Beesigamukama, D., Lundy, M. G., Niassy, S., Kassie, M., Omuse, E. R., & Ekesi, S. (2022). Performance of Black Soldier Fly frass fertiliser: Impacts on crop yield and soil health. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, 8(2), 185–196.
UNICEF. (2020). Situation nutritionnelle des enfants en République Démocratique du Congo : Rapport d’analyse sur les carences en micronutriments. Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’enfance.
Vanlauwe, B., Bationo, A., Chianu, J., Giller, K. E., Merckx, R., Mokwunye, U., & Sanginga, N. (2010). Integrated soil fertility management: Operationalizing the concept in African agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Science, 148(3), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859609990933
Copyright (c) 2026 Yoyo Evariste Mununu, Kapuku Lucien Ibobodji, Lefeta François Ikaa, Tshibangu Joseph Ntumba, Etun Benjamin Enanga, Ikoko Joël Mangana, Makumbu Mamy Binzunga, Litalema Faustin Lokinda, Antoine Mumba-Diamba
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
