Usages de l’intelligence artificielle générative par les collégiens en sciences de la vie et de la terre - Maroc : accès, perceptions et vigilance critique
Abstract
L’essor de l’intelligence artificielle générative invite à examiner les pratiques informelles d’apprentissage des collégiens, notamment en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, discipline dans laquelle la fiabilité des informations revêt une importance centrale. Cette étude s’intéresse à l’usage de l’intelligence artificielle générative par les apprenants du collège en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, en termes d’accès, de perceptions et de vigilance critique, dans la région de Casablanca-Settat. Pour ce faire, une analyse descriptive a été menée auprès de 54 apprenants à l’aide d’un questionnaire portant sur l’équipement, l’accès à Internet, la fréquence d’utilisation, les fonctions attribuées à l’intelligence artificielle générative, les bénéfices perçus, l’intégrité scolaire et la vérification des réponses. Les résultats préliminaires montrent un accès majoritairement mobile et un usage déjà diffus : 63 % des apprenants utilisent l’intelligence artificielle générative parfois et 20,4 % souvent ou beaucoup. Les usages déclarés concernent principalement la compréhension (37 %) et l’explication des cours (20,4 %). Toutefois, 53,7 % des apprenants déclarent ne vérifier les réponses que parfois, tandis que 13 % font confiance sans les vérifier. . L’intelligence artificielle générative est perçue comme une aide par certains apprenants. Ces données ne démontrent pas une amélioration des apprentissages ou de l’autonomie. Elles suggèrent le besoin d’un accompagnement pédagogique centré sur la vérification de l’information et l’honnêteté intellectuelle.
The growth of generative artificial intelligence invites examination of the informal learning practices of lower secondary students, particularly in life and earth sciences, where information reliability is essential. This study examines students’ use of generative artificial intelligence in life and earth sciences in the Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco, focusing on access, perceptions and critical vigilance. A descriptive analysis was conducted among 54 students using a questionnaire covering equipment, Internet access, frequency of use, purposes of use, perceived benefits, academic integrity and verification of responses. Results indicated mainly mobile access and widespread reported use: 63% of students reported using these tools sometimes and 20.4% often or very often. The main reported uses concerned understanding concepts (37%) and obtaining explanations of lessons (20.4%). However, 53.7% of students reported verifying responses only sometimes, while 13% reported trusting them without verification. Some students perceived generative artificial intelligence as a source of support. These self-reported perceptions do not demonstrate improvements in learning or autonomy. The findings suggest a need for guidance in information verification and academic integrity.
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