D�termination De La densit� Optimale De Semis Sur La Productivit� D�Arachide (Arachis hypogaea L.) En Zone Soudanienne Du Tchad

Abstract

The objective of this work is to study the effects of seedling density on the growth and yield of the most cultivated groundnut variety in Chad. The plant material is composed of the variety Flower 11, of cycle of 90 to 100 days. The test is driven according to an experimental device in blocs of Fisher across 4 treatments and 4 repetitions. The spacings adopted are 40 cm x 20 cm, 40 cm x 15 cm, 35 cm x 20 cm, 30 cm x 25 cm and correspond respectively to the T1 densities (125,751 plants ha-1), T2 (167,417 plants ha-1), T3 (143,286 plants ha-1), T4 (133,934 plants ha-1). The T2 treatment (48.65 5.16) provided the weakest number of pods followed from T3 (51.12 1.73) and T4 (51.45 1.76). The best number of the pods per plant was recorded on T1 (83.6 11.09). The T2 (1.53 tha-1 0.03) recorded the weakest yield of cockles followed by T3 (1.65 tha-1 0.08) and T4 (1.70 tha -1 0.11). The best yield of cockle was observed on the T1 (2.34 tha-1 0.37). In relation to weight fade, the T2 (0.92 t ha-1 0.10) provided the weakest yield followed by the T4 treatments (0.97 t ha-1 0.03) and T3 (0.10 t ha-1 0.03). The best yield was recorded on the T1 (1.38 t ha-1 0.01). The T4 (0.35 kg 0.03) recorded the weakest weight of seeds followed by T1 (0.36 kg 0.01) and T3 (0.36 kg 0.03). The best weight of 1000 seeds was achieved on T2 (0.36 kg 0.01). T1 corresponded to 125,751 plants ha- 1, which demonstrated increased production within the conditions of this test. This is therefore recommended to the producers of the Sudanean Zone of Chad.