The Modern State After Kant A Materialist Approach
Keywords:
The modern state, Kant, Marx, Law, capitalism
Abstract
This article proposes an encounter between Kant’s political doctrine and Marx’s materialist method. The primary aim of this materialist critique of Kant is to discern the structure that determines the specific mode of functioning of the modern state. The article starts with Kant’s conception of freedom and law and relates these concepts to his theory of history. In the first and second sections, Kant’s political doctrine is subject to a critical reversal that more closely engages with Marx’s critical materialist approach. The article then concludes upon a new, topological approach to the ternary structure involving the intersection of three “rings” capitalist circulation, the state in its legal effective reality, and measured labor forces in production.
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References
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2. Allison, H. E. (2004). Kant's Transcendental Idealism. Yale University Press.
3. Althusser, L. (1995). Sur La Reproduction (On Reproduction). Presses Universitaires de France.
4. Arendt, H. (1961). Between Past and Future: Six Exercises in Political Thought. Viking Press.
5. Arendt, H. (1992). Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy. The University of Chicago Press.
6. Beck, L. W. (1987). Five concepts of freedom in Kant. In Körner, Stephan and Jan T. J. Srzednicki (Eds.), Philosophical Analysis and Reconstruction: Contributions to Philosophy (pp. 35-52). Springer Verlag.
7. David-Ménard, M. (2009). Les constructions de l’universel. Presses Universitaires de France.
8. Deleuze, G., and Félix G. (1972). L’anti-Oedipe, capitalisme et schizophrénie. Minuit.
9. D’Hondt, J. (1996). La ruse de la raison historique kantienne. Revue Germanique Internationale, 6, 179-194.
10. Foucault, M. (1993). Foucault's New Domains. London: Routledge.
11. Foucault, M. (2003). Society Must be Defended: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1975-1976. Picador.
12. Guyer, P. (2005). Kant’s System of Nature and Freedom. Oxford University Press.
13. Hardt, M., and Negri, A. (2001). Empire. Harvard University Press.
14. Hardt, M., and Negri, A. (2003). Labor of Dionysus: A Critique of the State-Form. University of Minnesota Press.
15. Hegel, G. W. F. (1986). The Phenomenology of Mind (J. B. Baillie, Trans.). Dover Publisher.
16. Henrich, D. (1994). The Unity of Reason. Harvard University Press.
17. Insole, C. J. (2013). Kant and the Creation of Freedom: A Theological Problem. Oxford University Press.
18. Kant, I. Akademieausgabe von Immanuel Kants Gesammelten Werken (AK). Consulted online edition: https://korpora.zim.uni-duisburg-essen.de/kant/verzeichnisse-gesamt.html.
19. Kant, I. (1979). The Conflict of the Faculties (M. J. Gregor, Trans.). Abaris Books.
20. Kant, I. (1997). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (M. J. Gregor, Trans). Cambridge University Press.
21. Kant, I. (1991a). Political Writings (H. Reiss and H. B. Nisbet, Trans.). Cambridge University Press.
22. Kant, I. (1991b). The Metaphysics of Morals (M. J. Gregor, Trans). Cambridge University Press.
23. Kant, I. (2000a). Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge University Press.
24. Kant, I. (2000b). Critique of the Power of Judgment (P. Guyer, Trans.). Cambridge University Press.
25. Kant, I. (2006). Toward Perpetual Peace and Other Writings on Politics, Peace, and History. (P. Kleingeld, Ed.). Yale University Press.
26. Kant, I. (2015). Critique of Practical Reason (M. J. Gregor, Trans.). Cambridge University Press.
27. Kantorowicz, E. H. (1955). Mysteries of state: an absolutist concept and its late mediaeval origins. The Harvard Theological Review, 48(1), 65-91.
28. Lacan, J. (1966). Écrits. Seuil.
29. Lavendhomme, R. (2001). Lieux du sujet. Seuil.
30. Lefebvre, H. (1976). Le marxisme, l’état et son dépérissment, Tribune Socialiste, 705, juin, 26-28.
31. Lemke, T. (2012). Foucault, Governmentality, Critique. Routledge.
32. Marx, K. (1986). Karl Marx, Frederick Engels: Collected Works, Vol. 28. International Publisher.
33. Marx, K. (1998). Karl Marx, Frederick Engels: Collected Works, Vol. 37. Lawrence & Wishart.
34. Marx, K. (2001) The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. Vol. 3. Lawrence & Wishart.
35. Marx, K. (2010a). Karl Marx, Frederick Engels: Collected works, Vol. 35. Lawrence & Wishart.
36. Marx, K. (2010b). Karl Marx, Frederick Engels: Collected works, Vol. 35. Lawrence & Wishart.
37. Pashukanis, E. (1980). Selected Writings on Marxism and Law. Academic Press.
38. Schlegel, F. (1971). Friedrich Schlegel's Lucinde and the Fragments. University of Minnesota Press.
Published
2023-04-29
How to Cite
Doust, D. M. (2023). The Modern State After Kant A Materialist Approach. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 19(11), 13. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n11p13
Section
ESJ Humanities
Copyright (c) 2023 Dariush M. Doust
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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