Etude préliminaire de la diversité et de la structure du peuplement zooplanctonique de la rivière Okpara au Bénin
Keywords:
Biodiversité, zooplancton, structure de la communauté, Rivière Okpara, Bénin
Abstract
La présente étude a pour objectif d’évaluer la diversité et la structure du zooplancton dans la rivière Okpara. Le zooplancton de la rivière a été identifié et la structure de sa communauté évaluée dans neuf stations sélectionnées grâce à la richesse taxonomique, à la densité, à l’indice de diversité de Shannon et l’indice d’équitabilité de Piélou. Un total de 68 espèces de zooplancton a été enregistré, réparties en trois groupes : comprenant des rotifères (57), des copépodes (07) et des cladocères (04). Le nombre d’espèces a été plus élevé dans le cours inférieur, que dans le cours supérieur et dans le cours moyen. Les rotifères représentent les groupes les plus abondant avec 78,25 % de l'abondance totale, suivis des copépodes (20,7 %) et des cladocères (1,3 %). Keratella valga et Tropocyclops confinis sont les espèces les plus abondantes. Mytilina sp., Asplanchna girodi, Anuraeopsis sp., Lepadella sp., Asplanchna brightwellii, Asplanchna navicular, Trichocerca sp. et Trichocerca tenuior ont été enregistrés sur toutes les stations. Les valeurs moyennes d’abondance et de densité moyenne du zooplancton sont plus élevées en saison sèche qu’en saison pluvieuse. Les valeurs de la richesse, de l’indice de diversité de Shannon et d’équitabilité de Piélou sont plus élevées en saison pluvieuse qu’en saison sèche. La forte présence de certaines espèces indicatrices de pollution telles que Asplanchna brightwelli, Brachionus angularis, Brachionus falcatus pourrait indiquer la présence de polluants organiques dans la rivière. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre en place des mesures de surveillance efficaces afin de protéger la rivière de toute intrusion anthropogénique.
The objective of this study was to assess the diversity and structure of zooplankton in the Okpara River. The river's zooplankton were identified and their community structure assessed at nine selected stations using taxonomic richness, density, the Shannon diversity index and the Pielou equitability index. A total of 68 species of zooplankton were recorded, divided into three groups: rotifers (57), copepods (07) and cladocerans (04). The number of species was higher in the lower reaches than in the upper and middle reaches. Rotifers were the most abundant group with 78.25% of the total abundance, followed by copepods (20.7%) and cladocerans (1.3%). Keratella valga and Tropocyclops confinis were the most abundant species. Mytilina sp., Asplanchna girodi, Anuraeopsis sp., Lepadella sp., Asplanchna brightwellii, Asplanchna navicular, Trichocerca sp. and Trichocerca tenuior were recorded at all stations. The values for abundance and density of zooplankton are higher in the dry season than in the rainy season. The values for species richness, Shannon diversity index and Pielou equitability are higher in the wet season than in the dry season. The strong presence of certain pollution indicator species such as Asplanchna brightwelli, Brachionus angularis and Brachionus falcatus could indicate the presence of organic pollutants in the river. Effective monitoring measures therefore need to be put in place to protect the river from anthropogenic intrusion.
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References
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7. Anyanwu, E.D., Adetunji, O.G., & Umeham, S.N. (2021). Water quality and zooplankton community of the Eme River, Umuahia, Southeast Nigeria. Limnol. Freshw. Biol. 5,1186-1194.
8. Anyanwu, E.D., Orjikwe, C.J., & Chinasa, P.O. (2022). Water Quality and Zooplankton Assessment of Iyiakwu River, Southeast Nigeria. Ekológia Bratisl. 41 (1), 9–16.
9. Arazu, V.-D.N., & Ogbeibu, A.E. (2017). The composition, abundance and distribution of zooplankton of River Niger at Onitsha Stretch, Nigeria. Anim. Res. Int. 14(1), 2629–2643. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ari/article/view/155214
10. Arimoro, F.O., & Oganah, A.O. (2010). Zooplankton community responses in a perturbed tropical stream in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Open Environ. Biol. Monit. J. 3(1), 1-11.
11. Avocegan, T.T. (2019). Données préliminaires sur la diversité des organismes zooplanctoniques dans le milieu marin au Bénin : Port de Cotonou et Akpakpa. Rapport de fin de formation en vue de l’obtention du Diplôme de Licence Professionnelle. Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Abomey-Calavi, 38p.
12. Azan, S., Arnott, S.E., & Yan, N.D. (2015). A review of the effects of Bythotrephes longimanus and calcium decline on zooplankton communities — can interactive effects be predicted? Environ. Rev. 23 (4), 395–413.
13. Azevêdo, D.J.S., Barbosa, J.E.L., Gomes, W.I.A., Porto, D.E., Marques, J.C., & Molozzi, J. (2015). Diversity measures in macroinvertebrate and zooplankton communities related to the trophic status of subtropical reservoirs: contradictory or complementary responses? Ecol. Indic. 50, 135–149.
14. Badsi, H., Ali, H.O., Loudiki, M., El Hafa, M., Chakli, R., & Aamiri, A. (2010). Ecological factors affecting the distribution of zooplankton community in the Massa Lagoon (Southern Morocco). Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 4(11), 751-762. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajest/article/view/71345
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Published
2024-05-31
How to Cite
Gouton, R. R. T., Abahi, K. S., Gnohossou, P. M., Akodogbo, H. H., Dossou-Sognon, F., Assogba, D. U. H., & Adje, A. S. D. D. (2024). Etude préliminaire de la diversité et de la structure du peuplement zooplanctonique de la rivière Okpara au Bénin. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 20(15), 175. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n15p175
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ESJ Natural/Life/Medical Sciences
Copyright (c) 2024 Rafiou Raoul Thierry Gouton, Koudjodé Simon Abahi, Pierre Midogbo Gnohossou, Hotèkpo Hervé Akodogbo, Fridolin Dossou-Sognon, Dona Ulriche Hounou Assogba, Ayodélé Shola David Darius Adje
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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