The Mediating Role of Change Management Between Technology Readiness and Job Performance
Keywords:
Change Management, Technology Readiness, Job Performance
Abstract
This research investigates the interaction between technology readiness, change management, and job performance. The research explored the effects of technology readiness on change management and job performance, as well as the mediating role of change management in this relationship. A self-report questionnaire was distributed to obtain a representative sample, yielding 409 complete responses. All questions were mandatory to prevent missing data. The survey began with demographic items (age, gender, education, years spent in the organization tenure, and work experience) followed by validated scales: Technology readiness (optimism and innovativeness), Change management (leadership support and participation/communication), Job performance (perceived organizational support and work-life conflict).
A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was selected for its unique advantages in testing complex theoretical relationships. The results indicated that technology readiness had no significant direct effect on change management or job performance and change management did not significantly mediate job performance. These results revealed that the widely accepted link between technology readiness and change management may be more context-dependent than previously assumed. The findings suggest that in organizational settings where change is mandated rather than voluntary, individual readiness may become less influential. These insights suggest organizations should focus on structural implementation factors over individual preparation when managing technological changes, offering a new perspective for both research and practice in organizational change management.
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References
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2. Al-Omari, A., and Al-Omari, H. (2006). E-government readiness assessment model. Journal of Computer Science, 2(11), 841-845.
3. Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., and Mossholder, K. W. (1993). Creating readiness for organizational change. Human Relations, 46(6), 681-703
4. Beer, M., Eisenstat, R. A., and Spector, B. (1990). Why change programs don’t produce change. Harvard Business Review, 68(6), 158-166.
5. Blut, M., and Wang, C. (2020). Technology readiness: a meta-analysis of conceptualizations of the construct and its impact on technology usage. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(4), 649-669.
6. Bommer, W. H., Rich, G. A., and Rubin, R. S. (2005). Changing attitudes about change: Longitudinal effects of transformational leader behavior on employee cynicism about organizational change. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 26(7), 733-753
7. Bordia, P., Hobman, E., Jones, E., Gallois, C., and Callan, V. J. (2004). Uncertainty during organizational change: Types, consequences, and management strategies. Journal Of Business and Psychology, 18(4), 507-532
8. Brisson‐Banks, C. V. (2010). Managing change and transitions: a comparison of different models and their commonalities. Library Management, 31(4/5), 241-252
9. Bucciarelli, L. (2015). A review of innovation and change management: stage model and power influences. Universal Journal of Management, 3(1), 36-42
10. Burnes, B. (2004). Kurt Lewin and the planned approach to change: a re‐appraisal. Journal Of Management Studies, 41(6), 977-1002.
11. Burnes, B. (2020). The origins of Lewin’s three-step model of change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 56(1), 32-59.
12. Caldwell, S. D., Herold, D. M., and Fedor, D. B. (2004). Toward an understanding of the relationships among organizational change, individual differences, and changes in person-environment fit: a cross-level study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 868-882
13. Campbell, J. P., and Wiernik, B. M. (2015). The modeling and assessment of work performance. Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav., 2(1), 47-74
14. Cullen, K. L., Edwards, B. D., Casper, W. C., and Gue, K. R. (2014). Employees’ adaptability and perceptions of change-related uncertainty: Implications for perceived organizational support, job satisfaction, and performance. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(2), 269-280
15. Dery, K., Sebastian, I. M., and van der Meulen, N. (2017). The digital workplace is key to digital innovation. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(2), 135-152.
16. DiFonzo, N. and Bordia, P. (1998). A tale of two corporations: Managing uncertainty during organizational change. Human Resource Management: Published In Cooperation with The School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and In Alliance with The Society of Human Resources Management, 37(3‐4), 295-303.
17. DiMaggio, P. J., and Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160.
18. Edmonstone, J. (1995). Managing change: an emerging new consensus. Health Manpower Management. 25(1), 16-19
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20. Eisenberger, R., Cummings, J., Armeli, S., and Lynch, P. (1997). Perceived organizational support, discretionary treatment, and job satisfaction. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 82(5), 812-820
21. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., and Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied psychology, 71(3), 500-507.
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23. Erdoğmuş, N., and Esen, M. (2011). An investigation of the effects of technology readiness on technology acceptance in e-HRM. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 487-495
24. Farkas, A. J. and Tetrick, L. E. (1989). A three-wave longitudinal analysis of the causal ordering of satisfaction and commitment on turnover decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(6), 855-868
25. Fisher, S. L., and Howell, A. W. (2004). Beyond user acceptance: An examination of employee reactions to information technology systems. Human Resource Management: Published In Cooperation with the School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and In Alliance with The Society of Human Resources Management, 43(2‐3), 243-258.
26. Frone, M. R., Yardley, J. K., and Markel, K. S. (1997). Developing and testing an integrative model of the work–family interface. Journal Of Vocational Behavior, 50(2), 145-167
27. Gareis, R. (2010). Changes of organizations by projects. International Journal of Project Management, 28(4), 314-327.
28. Ghazali, R., Ahmad, A., Uli, J., Suandi, T., and Hassan, S. A. (2008). Commitment To Change Among Managers in A Selected Service Organization in Malaysia. International Journal of the Humanities, 6(8), 123-134.
29. Greenhaus, J. H. and Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy Of Management Review, 10(1), 76-88.
30. Grzywacz, J. G. and Bass, B. L. (2003). Work, family, and mental health: Testing different models of work‐family fit. Journal Of Marriage and Family, 65(1), 248-261.
31. Grzywacz, J. G. and Butler, A. B. (2005). The impact of job characteristics on work-to-family facilitation: testing a theory and distinguishing a construct. Journal Of Occupational Health Psychology, 10(2), 97-109.
32. Herscovitch, L. and Meyer, J. P. (2002). Commitment to organizational change: extension of a three-component model. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 474-487.
33. Hu, L. T., and Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
34. Ján, D., and Veronika, T. (2017). Examination of factors affecting the implementation of organizational changes. Journal of Competitiveness, 9(4), 5
35. Jayashree, P. and Hussain, S. J. (2011). Aligning change deployment: a Balanced Scorecard approach. Measuring Business Excellence, 15(3), 63-85.
36. Joshi, A., Son, J., and Roh, H. (2015). When can women close the gap? A meta-analytic test of sex differences in performance and rewards. Academy Of Management Journal, 58(5), 1516-1545.
37. Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Pucik, V., and Welbourne, T. M. (1999). Managerial coping with organizational change: A dispositional perspective. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 84(1), 107-122.
38. Kang, B., Twigg, N. W., and Hertzman, J. (2010). An examination of social support and social identity factors and their relationship to certified chefs’ burnout. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), 168-176.
39. Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., de Vet, H. C., and van der Beek, A. J. (2014). Measuring individual work performance: Identifying and selecting indicators. Work, 48(2), 229-238.
40. Korsgaard, M. A., Sapienza, H. J., and Schweiger, D. M. (2002). Beaten before begun: The role of procedural justice in planning change. Journal of Management, 28(4), 497-516
41. Kotter, J. (2007). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 86, 1-10.
42. Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., and Adis, C. S. (2017). Perceived organizational support: A meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory. Journal of management, 43(6), 1854-1884.
43. Lau, C. M., and Woodman, R. W. (1995). Understanding organizational change: A schematic perspective. Academy Of Management Journal, 38(2), 537-554
44. Lavoie, J. R., and Daim, T. U. (2017). Technology readiness levels improving RandD management: A grounded theory analysis. In 2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 1-9
45. Levy, A. (1986). Second-order planned change: Definition and conceptualization. Organizational dynamics, 15(1), 5-23
46. Mick, D. G., and Fournier, S. (1998). Paradoxes of technology: Consumer cognizance, emotions, and coping strategies. Journal Of Consumer Research, 25(2), 123-143
47. Miller, V. D., Johnson, J. R., and Grau, J. (1994). Antecedents to willingness to participate in a planned organizational change. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 22, 59-80
48. Morris, M. G., and Venkatesh, V. (2000). Age differences in technology adoption decisions: Implications for a changing work force. Personnel Psychology, 53(2), 375-403.
49. Ng, T. W. H., and Feldman, D. C. (2012). Evaluating six common stereotypes about older workers with meta-analytical data. Personnel Psychology, 65(4), 821-858
50. Ngo, H. Y. and Loi, R. (2008). Human resource flexibility, organizational culture and firm performance: An investigation of multinational firms in Hong Kong. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(9), 1654-1666
51. Oreg, S., Bartunek, J. M., Lee, G., and Do, B. (2018). An affect-based model of recipients’ responses to organizational change events. Academy of Management Review, 43(1), 65-86.
52. Oreg, S., and Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ impact on organizational change: Bridging theoretical and methodological chasms. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307.
53. Oreg, S., Vakola, M., and Armenakis, A. (2011). Change recipients' reactions to organizational change: A 60-year review of quantitative studies. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 47(4), 461-524
54. Parasuraman, A. (2000). Technology Readiness Index (TRI) a multiple-item scale to measure readiness to embrace new technologies. Journal Of Service Research, 2(4), 307-320
55. Parry, W., Kirsch, C., Carey, P., and Shaw, D. (2014). Empirical development of a model of performance drivers in organizational change projects. Journal of Change Management, 14(1), 99-125
56. Platis, C., Reklitis, P., and Zimeras, S. (2015). Relation between job satisfaction and job performance in healthcare services. PROCEDIA-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 480-487
57. Posthuma, R. A. and Campion, M. A. (2009). Age stereotypes in the workplace: Common stereotypes, moderators, and future research directions. Journal of Management, 35(1), 158-188
58. Quiñones, M. A., Ford, J. K., and Teachout, M. S. (1995). The relationship between work experience and job performance: A conceptual and meta-analytic review. Personnel Psychology, 48(4), 887-910.
59. Rafferty, A. E., and Griffin, M. A. (2006). Perceptions of organizational change: A stress and coping perspective. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 1154-1162.
60. Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Barrada, J. R., Fernández-del-Río, E., and Koopmans, L. (2019). Assessing job performance using brief self-report scales: The case of the individual work performance questionnaire. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 35(3), 195-205.
61. Rigby, D. K., Sutherland, J., and Takeuchi, H. (2016). Embracing agile. Harvard business review, 94(5), 40-50.
62. Rousseau, D. M. (1990). New hire perceptions of their own and their employer's obligations: A study of psychological contracts. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 11(5), 389-400
63. Saks, A. M. (2017). Translating employee engagement research into practice. Organizational Dynamics, 2(46), 76-86.
64. Shin, J., Taylor, M. S., and Seo, M. G. (2012). Resources for change: The relationships of organizational inducements and psychological resilience to employees' attitudes and behaviors toward organizational change. Academy of Management journal, 55(3), 727-748.
65. Shollo, A., and Galliers, R. D. (2016). Towards an understanding of the role of business intelligence systems in organisational knowing. Information Systems Journal, 26(4), 339-367.
66. Vlasenko, T., Hatsko, A., Larina, T., Hryn, Y., Streimikiene, D., and Balezentis, T. (2019). Fuzzy evaluation of change management processes in the context of enterprise sustainability. Sustainability, 11(22), 1-11
67. Wanberg, C. R. and Banas, J. T. (2000). Predictors and outcomes of openness to changes in a reorganizing workplace. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 85(1), 132-142
68. Wang, M. O., Zhan, Y., McCune, E., and Truxillo, D. (2011). Understanding Newcomers’ adaptability And Work‐Related Outcomes: Testing the Mediating Roles of Perceived P–E Fit Variables. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 163-189
69. Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., and Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective. Academy Of Management Journal, 40(1), 82-111
70. Wojtkowska, K., Andersz, N., and Czarnota-Bojarska, J. (2016). Adapting the survey of perceived organizational support. Polish Journal of Applied Psychology, 14(4), 47-58
2. Al-Omari, A., and Al-Omari, H. (2006). E-government readiness assessment model. Journal of Computer Science, 2(11), 841-845.
3. Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., and Mossholder, K. W. (1993). Creating readiness for organizational change. Human Relations, 46(6), 681-703
4. Beer, M., Eisenstat, R. A., and Spector, B. (1990). Why change programs don’t produce change. Harvard Business Review, 68(6), 158-166.
5. Blut, M., and Wang, C. (2020). Technology readiness: a meta-analysis of conceptualizations of the construct and its impact on technology usage. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(4), 649-669.
6. Bommer, W. H., Rich, G. A., and Rubin, R. S. (2005). Changing attitudes about change: Longitudinal effects of transformational leader behavior on employee cynicism about organizational change. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 26(7), 733-753
7. Bordia, P., Hobman, E., Jones, E., Gallois, C., and Callan, V. J. (2004). Uncertainty during organizational change: Types, consequences, and management strategies. Journal Of Business and Psychology, 18(4), 507-532
8. Brisson‐Banks, C. V. (2010). Managing change and transitions: a comparison of different models and their commonalities. Library Management, 31(4/5), 241-252
9. Bucciarelli, L. (2015). A review of innovation and change management: stage model and power influences. Universal Journal of Management, 3(1), 36-42
10. Burnes, B. (2004). Kurt Lewin and the planned approach to change: a re‐appraisal. Journal Of Management Studies, 41(6), 977-1002.
11. Burnes, B. (2020). The origins of Lewin’s three-step model of change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 56(1), 32-59.
12. Caldwell, S. D., Herold, D. M., and Fedor, D. B. (2004). Toward an understanding of the relationships among organizational change, individual differences, and changes in person-environment fit: a cross-level study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 868-882
13. Campbell, J. P., and Wiernik, B. M. (2015). The modeling and assessment of work performance. Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav., 2(1), 47-74
14. Cullen, K. L., Edwards, B. D., Casper, W. C., and Gue, K. R. (2014). Employees’ adaptability and perceptions of change-related uncertainty: Implications for perceived organizational support, job satisfaction, and performance. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(2), 269-280
15. Dery, K., Sebastian, I. M., and van der Meulen, N. (2017). The digital workplace is key to digital innovation. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(2), 135-152.
16. DiFonzo, N. and Bordia, P. (1998). A tale of two corporations: Managing uncertainty during organizational change. Human Resource Management: Published In Cooperation with The School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and In Alliance with The Society of Human Resources Management, 37(3‐4), 295-303.
17. DiMaggio, P. J., and Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147-160.
18. Edmonstone, J. (1995). Managing change: an emerging new consensus. Health Manpower Management. 25(1), 16-19
19. Errida, A., Lotfi, B. and Semma, E. (2018). Measuring change management performance: a case study of a Moroccan construction company. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Technology Management, Operations and Decisions (ICTMOD), 206-213
20. Eisenberger, R., Cummings, J., Armeli, S., and Lynch, P. (1997). Perceived organizational support, discretionary treatment, and job satisfaction. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 82(5), 812-820
21. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., and Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied psychology, 71(3), 500-507.
22. Epstein, S. (1994). Integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic unconscious. American Psychologist, 49(8), 709-724.
23. Erdoğmuş, N., and Esen, M. (2011). An investigation of the effects of technology readiness on technology acceptance in e-HRM. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 487-495
24. Farkas, A. J. and Tetrick, L. E. (1989). A three-wave longitudinal analysis of the causal ordering of satisfaction and commitment on turnover decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(6), 855-868
25. Fisher, S. L., and Howell, A. W. (2004). Beyond user acceptance: An examination of employee reactions to information technology systems. Human Resource Management: Published In Cooperation with the School of Business Administration, The University of Michigan and In Alliance with The Society of Human Resources Management, 43(2‐3), 243-258.
26. Frone, M. R., Yardley, J. K., and Markel, K. S. (1997). Developing and testing an integrative model of the work–family interface. Journal Of Vocational Behavior, 50(2), 145-167
27. Gareis, R. (2010). Changes of organizations by projects. International Journal of Project Management, 28(4), 314-327.
28. Ghazali, R., Ahmad, A., Uli, J., Suandi, T., and Hassan, S. A. (2008). Commitment To Change Among Managers in A Selected Service Organization in Malaysia. International Journal of the Humanities, 6(8), 123-134.
29. Greenhaus, J. H. and Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy Of Management Review, 10(1), 76-88.
30. Grzywacz, J. G. and Bass, B. L. (2003). Work, family, and mental health: Testing different models of work‐family fit. Journal Of Marriage and Family, 65(1), 248-261.
31. Grzywacz, J. G. and Butler, A. B. (2005). The impact of job characteristics on work-to-family facilitation: testing a theory and distinguishing a construct. Journal Of Occupational Health Psychology, 10(2), 97-109.
32. Herscovitch, L. and Meyer, J. P. (2002). Commitment to organizational change: extension of a three-component model. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 474-487.
33. Hu, L. T., and Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
34. Ján, D., and Veronika, T. (2017). Examination of factors affecting the implementation of organizational changes. Journal of Competitiveness, 9(4), 5
35. Jayashree, P. and Hussain, S. J. (2011). Aligning change deployment: a Balanced Scorecard approach. Measuring Business Excellence, 15(3), 63-85.
36. Joshi, A., Son, J., and Roh, H. (2015). When can women close the gap? A meta-analytic test of sex differences in performance and rewards. Academy Of Management Journal, 58(5), 1516-1545.
37. Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Pucik, V., and Welbourne, T. M. (1999). Managerial coping with organizational change: A dispositional perspective. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 84(1), 107-122.
38. Kang, B., Twigg, N. W., and Hertzman, J. (2010). An examination of social support and social identity factors and their relationship to certified chefs’ burnout. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), 168-176.
39. Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., de Vet, H. C., and van der Beek, A. J. (2014). Measuring individual work performance: Identifying and selecting indicators. Work, 48(2), 229-238.
40. Korsgaard, M. A., Sapienza, H. J., and Schweiger, D. M. (2002). Beaten before begun: The role of procedural justice in planning change. Journal of Management, 28(4), 497-516
41. Kotter, J. (2007). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 86, 1-10.
42. Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., and Adis, C. S. (2017). Perceived organizational support: A meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory. Journal of management, 43(6), 1854-1884.
43. Lau, C. M., and Woodman, R. W. (1995). Understanding organizational change: A schematic perspective. Academy Of Management Journal, 38(2), 537-554
44. Lavoie, J. R., and Daim, T. U. (2017). Technology readiness levels improving RandD management: A grounded theory analysis. In 2017 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 1-9
45. Levy, A. (1986). Second-order planned change: Definition and conceptualization. Organizational dynamics, 15(1), 5-23
46. Mick, D. G., and Fournier, S. (1998). Paradoxes of technology: Consumer cognizance, emotions, and coping strategies. Journal Of Consumer Research, 25(2), 123-143
47. Miller, V. D., Johnson, J. R., and Grau, J. (1994). Antecedents to willingness to participate in a planned organizational change. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 22, 59-80
48. Morris, M. G., and Venkatesh, V. (2000). Age differences in technology adoption decisions: Implications for a changing work force. Personnel Psychology, 53(2), 375-403.
49. Ng, T. W. H., and Feldman, D. C. (2012). Evaluating six common stereotypes about older workers with meta-analytical data. Personnel Psychology, 65(4), 821-858
50. Ngo, H. Y. and Loi, R. (2008). Human resource flexibility, organizational culture and firm performance: An investigation of multinational firms in Hong Kong. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(9), 1654-1666
51. Oreg, S., Bartunek, J. M., Lee, G., and Do, B. (2018). An affect-based model of recipients’ responses to organizational change events. Academy of Management Review, 43(1), 65-86.
52. Oreg, S., and Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ impact on organizational change: Bridging theoretical and methodological chasms. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307.
53. Oreg, S., Vakola, M., and Armenakis, A. (2011). Change recipients' reactions to organizational change: A 60-year review of quantitative studies. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 47(4), 461-524
54. Parasuraman, A. (2000). Technology Readiness Index (TRI) a multiple-item scale to measure readiness to embrace new technologies. Journal Of Service Research, 2(4), 307-320
55. Parry, W., Kirsch, C., Carey, P., and Shaw, D. (2014). Empirical development of a model of performance drivers in organizational change projects. Journal of Change Management, 14(1), 99-125
56. Platis, C., Reklitis, P., and Zimeras, S. (2015). Relation between job satisfaction and job performance in healthcare services. PROCEDIA-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 480-487
57. Posthuma, R. A. and Campion, M. A. (2009). Age stereotypes in the workplace: Common stereotypes, moderators, and future research directions. Journal of Management, 35(1), 158-188
58. Quiñones, M. A., Ford, J. K., and Teachout, M. S. (1995). The relationship between work experience and job performance: A conceptual and meta-analytic review. Personnel Psychology, 48(4), 887-910.
59. Rafferty, A. E., and Griffin, M. A. (2006). Perceptions of organizational change: A stress and coping perspective. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 1154-1162.
60. Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Barrada, J. R., Fernández-del-Río, E., and Koopmans, L. (2019). Assessing job performance using brief self-report scales: The case of the individual work performance questionnaire. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 35(3), 195-205.
61. Rigby, D. K., Sutherland, J., and Takeuchi, H. (2016). Embracing agile. Harvard business review, 94(5), 40-50.
62. Rousseau, D. M. (1990). New hire perceptions of their own and their employer's obligations: A study of psychological contracts. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 11(5), 389-400
63. Saks, A. M. (2017). Translating employee engagement research into practice. Organizational Dynamics, 2(46), 76-86.
64. Shin, J., Taylor, M. S., and Seo, M. G. (2012). Resources for change: The relationships of organizational inducements and psychological resilience to employees' attitudes and behaviors toward organizational change. Academy of Management journal, 55(3), 727-748.
65. Shollo, A., and Galliers, R. D. (2016). Towards an understanding of the role of business intelligence systems in organisational knowing. Information Systems Journal, 26(4), 339-367.
66. Vlasenko, T., Hatsko, A., Larina, T., Hryn, Y., Streimikiene, D., and Balezentis, T. (2019). Fuzzy evaluation of change management processes in the context of enterprise sustainability. Sustainability, 11(22), 1-11
67. Wanberg, C. R. and Banas, J. T. (2000). Predictors and outcomes of openness to changes in a reorganizing workplace. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 85(1), 132-142
68. Wang, M. O., Zhan, Y., McCune, E., and Truxillo, D. (2011). Understanding Newcomers’ adaptability And Work‐Related Outcomes: Testing the Mediating Roles of Perceived P–E Fit Variables. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 163-189
69. Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., and Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective. Academy Of Management Journal, 40(1), 82-111
70. Wojtkowska, K., Andersz, N., and Czarnota-Bojarska, J. (2016). Adapting the survey of perceived organizational support. Polish Journal of Applied Psychology, 14(4), 47-58
Published
2025-09-30
How to Cite
Hamad, S. (2025). The Mediating Role of Change Management Between Technology Readiness and Job Performance. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 21(25), 89. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2025.v21n25p89
Section
ESJ Social Sciences
Copyright (c) 2025 Samer Hamad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
