Distribución de la temperatura superficial urbana durante la temporada de máximas temperaturas del 2016-2023 en Chetumal, México
Abstract
Esta investigación tiene como objeto analizar la distribución espacial de la temperatura superficial en la ciudad de Chetumal, México durante el periodo de máximas temperaturas (mayo a septiembre) para los años 2016, 2019 y 2023. Se calculó la Temperatura Superficial de la Tierra (LST), de intensidad y anomalías térmicas. Los resultados muestran que Chetumal tiene una temperatura superficial que oscila entre los 25.4°C y 34.5°C, la intensidad de la temperatura superficial promedio es de 5.4°C, con anomalías térmicas que presentan entre -3.4 y 2.5 desviaciones estándar. La distribución de LST, intensidad y anomalías son congruentes entre sí, con identificando tres puntos principales de acumulación de temperatura, caracterizados por ser espacios abiertos cubiertos de asfalto, sin rugosidad y baja cobertura vegetal, las áreas con mayor densidad de vegetación al interior o periferia de la ciudad presentan temperaturas entre 6°-8°C más frescas en comparación con los máximos térmicos, también se observa un borde “fresco” en los límites de la ciudad próximos al cuerpo de agua de la Bahía. Se concluye que elementos como la vegetación o la proximidad a cuerpos de agua intervienen significativamente en la distribución de la temperatura superficial urbana.
This research aims to analyze the spatial distribution of surface temperature in the city of Chetumal, Mexico during the period of maximum temperatures (May to September) for the years 2016, 2019 and 2023. The Earth's Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated), intensity and thermal anomalies. The results show that Chetumal has a surface temperature that ranges between 25.4°C and 34.5°C, the intensity of the average surface temperature is 5.4°C, with thermal anomalies that present between -3.4 and 2.5 standard deviations. The distribution of LST, intensity and anomalies are congruent with each other, identifying three main points of temperature accumulation, characterized by being open spaces covered with asphalt, without roughness and low vegetation cover, the areas with the highest density of vegetation in the interior or periphery. of the city have temperatures between 6°-8°C cooler compared to the thermal maximums; a “cool” edge is also observed in the limits of the city close to the body of water of the Bay. It is concluded that elements such as vegetation or proximity to bodies of water significantly intervene in the distribution of urban surface temperature.
Downloads
References
2. Avdan, U., & Jovanovska, G. (2016). Algorithm for automated mapping of land surface temperature using LANDSAT 8 satellite data. Journal of Sensors, 2016.
3. Cureau, R. J., Pigliautile, I., & Pisello, A. L. (2023). Seasonal and diurnal variability of a water body’s effects on the urban microclimate in a coastal city in Italy. Urban Climate, 49, 101437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101437
4. Deilami, K., Kamruzzaman, Md., & Liu, Y. (2018). Urban heat island effect: A systematic review of spatio-temporal factors, data, methods, and mitigation measures. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 67, 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2017.12.009
5. Hussain, R. N., & mozahim, R. (2024). Assessment of Land-sat Satellite Images used to calculate Land Surface Temperature(LST): A case study in Adhamiya Baghdad. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1300(1), 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1300/1/012006
6. Hwang, B., Sou, H.-D., Oh, J.-H., & Park, C.-R. (2023). Cooling effect of urban forests on the urban heat island in Seoul, South Korea. PLOS ONE, 18(7), e0288774. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288774
7. Kim, S. W., & Brown, R. D. (2021). Urban heat island (UHI) intensity and magnitude estimations: A systematic literature review. Science of The Total Environment, 779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146389
8. Kumar, B. P., Babu, K. R., Anusha, B. N., & Rajasekhar, M. (2022). Geo-environmental monitoring and assessment of land degradation and desertification in the semi-arid regions using Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS, LST, and NDVI approach. Environmental Challenges, 8, 100578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2022.100578
9. Li, D., Bou-Zeid, E., & Oppenheimer, M. (2014). The effectiveness of cool and green roofs as urban heat island mitigation strategies. Environmental Research Letters, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/5/055002approa
10. Oke, T. R. (1973). City size and the urban heat island. Atmospheric Environment (1967), 7(8), 769–779.
11. Qin, Y. (2015). A review on the development of cool pavements to mitigate urban heat island effect. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 445–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.177
12. Rizvi, S. H., Alam, K., & Iqbal, M. J. (2019). Spatio-temporal variations in urban heat island and its interaction with heat wave. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 185, 50–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2019.02.001
13. Santamouris, M. (2014). Cooling the cities–a review of reflective and green roof mitigation technologies to fight heat island and improve comfort in urban environments. Solar energy, 103, 682–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2012.07.003
14. Shafaghat, A., Manteghi, G., Keyvanfar, A., Lamit, H. B., Saito, K., & Ossen, D. R. (2016). Street geometry factors influence urban microclimate in tropical coastal cities: A review. Rigas Tehniskas Universitates Zinatniskie Raksti, 17, 61. https://doi.org/10.1515/rtuect-2016-0006
15. Stache, E. (Eva), Schilperoort, B. (Bart), Ottelé, M. (Marc), & Jonkers, H. M. (Henk). (2022). Comparative analysis in thermal behaviour of common urban building materials and vegetation and consequences for urban heat island effect. Building and Environment, 213, efreshing the role of open water. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108489
16. Steeneveld, G. J., Koopmans, S., Heusinkveld, B. G., & Theeuwes, N. E. (2014). Refreshing the role of open water surfaces on mitigating the maximum urban heat island effect. Landscape and Urban Planning, 121, 92–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.09.001
17. Tyrväinen, L., Pauleit, S., Seeland, K., & de Vries, S. (2005). Benefits and uses of urban forests and trees. En Urban forests and trees (pp. 81–114). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27684-X_5
18. Wang, Z., Xie, Y., Mu, M., Feng, L., Xie, N., & Cui, N. (2022). Materials to Mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect for Cool Pavement: A Brief Review. Buildings, 12(8), 1221. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081221
19. Wu, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Water Bodies’ Cooling Effects on Urban Land Daytime Surface Temperature: Ecosystem Service Reducing Heat Island Effect. Sustainability, 11(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030787
20. Zhang, X., Kasimu, A., Liang, H., Wei, B., & Aizizi, Y. (2022). Spatial and Temporal Variation of Land Surface Temperature and Its Spatially Heterogeneous Response in the Urban Agglomeration on the Northern Slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013067
Copyright (c) 2026 Y.G. Padilla-Manrique, A. Pereira-Corona, B. García-Fajardo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
