Petrographic and Geochemical Characteristics of the Djabatoure Massif Metamagmatites from Pan-African Orogen in Togo, West Africa
Keywords:
Petrography, Geochemistry, Djabatoure massif, Pan-African orogen, West Africa
Abstract
The Dahomeyide orogen in Togo and adjoining parts of SE-Ghana and Benin records the suture of West Africa Craton (WAC) into NW Gondwana. The suture zone corresponds to a narrow and lithologically diverse area with HP granulites complexes. In Togo, the Djabatoure massif, located in the central part of Togo, belongs to the suture zone. The aim of this paper is to present the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the Djabatoure massif in order to understand its implication in the geodynamic evolution of the Dahomeyide belt in Togo. The methodology implemented is based on a synthesis of previous works, a petrographic study of twenty thin sections and a geochemical study through discrimination diagrams of fifteen samples. The result shows that the Djabatoure massif is composed of granulites, pyroxenites, amphibolites, talcschists and gneisses. These rocks were equilibrated under granulite facies conditions and subsequently partially retrogressed to amphibolite facies. They display tholeiitic affinity, enriched LREE and negative anomalies in Nb, Zr and Ti indicating subduction zone magma. These features are consistent with protoliths of tholeiites, N-MORB and volcanic arc basalts affinities. The Djabatoure massif rocks were set up in oceanic environment and are thought to have been derivated from a metasomatized mantle.
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References
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https://www.scirp.org/%28S%28351jmbntvnsjt1aadkozje%29%29/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=1160492
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19. Kpanzou, S.A.M., Agbossoumondé, Y., González Jiménez, J.M., Tairou, M.S., Garcia-Casco, A. (2022). Pétrologie et métallogénie des indices de Ni-Cr associés au massif basique-ultrabasique de Oké, Togo. Afrique SCIENCE 21(1) : 53-69. https://www.afriquescience.net/PDF/21/1/5.pdf
20. Kwayisi, D., Elburg, M., Lehmann, J. (2021). Preserved ancient oceanic lithosphere within the Buem structural unit at the eastern margin of the west African craton, LITHOS (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106585
21. McDonough, W.F., Sun, S.S. (1995). The composition of the Earth. Chemical Geology 120, pp. 223–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4
22. Ménot, R.-P. (1977). Les massifs basiques et ultrabasiques antémétamorphiques de la bordure Ouest du mole Dahoméo-nigérian. Essai de synthèse bibliographique. Ann. Univ. Bénin, Lomé, pp. 53-94. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327822999
23. Ménot, R.-P. (1980). Les massifs basiques et ultrabasiques de la zone mobile panafricaine au Ghana, Togo et au Bénin. Etat de la question. Bull. soc. Géol. Fr., 7 : 297-303. https://doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.S7-XXII.3.297
24. Ménot, R.-P. (1982). Les éclogites des Monts Lato : un témoin de l’évolution tectono-métamorphique de la chaîne pan-africaine du Togo (Afrique de l’Ouest). Ist. intern. Eclogite Conf., Terra Cognita, 2, (3), 320p.
https://www.persee.fr/doc/geoly_0750-6635_1982_num_87_1_1513
Ménot, R.-P., Seddoh, K.F. (1980). Le massif basique stratifié précambrien de Djabatoure-Soutouboua (région centrale du Togo, Afrique de l’Ouest). Pétrologie et évolution métamorphique. Bulletin du B.R.G.M. 4(4) : 319–337.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260887781
25. Ménot, R.-P., Seddoh, K.F. (1985). The eclogites of Lato Hills (South Togo, West Africa): relies from early tectonometamorphic evolution of the Pan-African orogeny. Chemical Geology, 50, pp. 313–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90126-3
26. Meschede, M. (1986). A method of discrimination between different types of mid-ocean ridge basalts and continental tholeiites with Nb-Zr-Y diagram. Chemical Geology, 56 : 207-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90004-5
27. Middlemost, E.A.K. (1994). Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system. Earth Science Reviews, 37 (3-4), pp. 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(94)90029-9
28. Nakamura, N. (1974). Determination of REE, Fe, Mg, Na and K in Carbonaceous and ordinary Chondrites. Geochemica and Cosmochimica Act, 38, 757-775.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(74)90149-5
29. Sabi, B.E. (2007). Etude pétrologique et structurale du Massif Kabyè, Nord-Togo. Thèse Doctorat, FDS, Univ. Lomé, 256p.
30. Shand, S.J. (1943). Eruptive Rocks. Their Genesis, Composition, Classification and Their Relations to Ore deposits. 2nd edition, Murby London, 444p. https://www.scirp.org/(S(czeh2tfqyw2orz553k1w0r45))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1945539
31. Sylvain, J.P., Collart, J., Aregba, A., Godonou, S. (1986). Notice explicative de la carte géologique 1/500.0000è du Togo, Mém. n°6, D.G.M.G./B.N.R.M., Lomé – Togo. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=+author:J.P.%20Sylvain
32. Tairou, M.S., Affaton, P., Sabi, B.E., Seddoh, K.F. (2009). Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Mo and Kara-Niamtougou Orthogneic Suites, Northern Togo. Global Jour. of Geological Sciences, vol. 7, n°2, pp. 93-100.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287411921
33. Tairou, M.S., Affaton, P. (2013). Structural Organization and Tectono-Metamorphic Evolution of the Pan-African Suture Zone: Case of the Kabye and Kpaza Massifs in the Dahomeyide Orogen in Northern Togo (West Africa). International Journal of Geosciences 04, 166-182. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2013.41015
34. Tairou, M.S., Miningou, Y.M.W., Da Costa, Y.D., Kwekam, M. (2022). Petrostructural and Geochemical Characteristics of the Metamagmatites in the External Zone of the Dahomeyides Belt: Case of the Kantè Serpentinites (Northern Togo). International Journal of Geosciences, 2022, 13, 779-792. https://www.scirp.org/journal/ijg
2. Affaton, P., Gelard, J.P., Simpara, N. (1991). Paléocontraintes enregistrées par la fracturation dans l’unité structurale de l’Atacora (Chaîne Panafricaine des Dahomeyides, Togo). C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, t. 312 : 763-768.
http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19679359
3. Agbossoumondé, Y. (1998). Les complexes ultrabasiques de la chaîne panafricaine au Togo (Axe Agou – Atakpamé, Sud-Togo). Etude pétrographique, minéralogique et géochimique. Thèse Doct. Lab. Géol. Pétro. Univ. Jean Monnet St. Etienne Fr., 306p.
4. Agbossoumondé, Y., Ménot, R.-P., Guillot, S. (2001). Metamorphic evolution of Neoproterozoic eclogites from South Togo (West Africa). Jour. of Afr. Earth Sc. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(01)80061-0 33, 227–244.
5. Agbossoumondé, Y., Ménot, R.-P., Paquette, J.L., Guillot, S., Yéssoufou, S., Perrache, C. (2007). Petrological and geochronological constraints on the origin of the Palimé–Amlamé granitoids (South Togo, West Africa): A segment of the West African Craton Paleoproterozoic margin reactivated during the Pan-African collision. Gondwana Research 12, 476-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2007.01.004
6. Aidoo, F., Sub, F.-Y., Liang, T., Nude, P.M. (2020). New insight into the Dahomeyide Belt of southeastern Ghana, West Africa: Evidence of arc-continental collision and Neoarchaean crustal reworking. Precambrian Research 347 (2020) 105836.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105836.
7. Alayi, G. (2018). Les granitoïdes tardifs de la chaîne panafricaine des Dahomeyides au Togo: étude pétro-structurale, géochimique et géochronologique. Thèse Doctorat, FDS, Univ. Lomé-Togo, 256p.
8. Attoh, K. (1998). High-Pressure Granulite Facies metamorphism in the Pan-African Dahomeyide orogen, West Africa. J. Geology, 106 : 236-246.
https://doi.org/10.1086/516019
9. Attoh, K., Dallmeyer, R.D., Affaton, P. (1997). Chronology of nappe assembly in the Pan-Africa Dahomeyide Orogen, West Africa: evidence from 40Ar/39Ar mineral ages. Precambrian research, 82, pp. 153 – 171. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9268(96)00031-9
10. Attoh, K., Morgan, J. (2004). Geochemistry of high-pressure granulites from the Pan-African Dahomeyide orogen, West Africa: constraints on the origin and composition of lower crust. Jour.of Afr.Earth Sci., vol. 39, pp. 201-208.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2004.07.048
11. Caby, R., Bertrand, J.M., Black, R. (1981). Pan-African closure and continental collision in the Hoggar. Ifora segment, central Sahara. In Kröner A. (Eds) Precambrian Plate Tectorics. Elsevier, Amst, pp. 407-434.
https://www.scirp.org/%28S%28351jmbntvnsjt1aadkozje%29%29/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=1160492
12. Caby, R., Boessé, J.M. (2001). Pan–African nappe system in southwest Nigeria: the Ife– Ilesha schist belt. Jour.of Afr.Earth Sci., vol. 33 n°2, pp. 211- 225. DOI : 10.1016/S0899-5362(01)80060-9
13. Duclaux, G. (2003). Etude pétrologique et structurale des massifs basiques et ultrabasiques de la zone de suture panafricaine de la chaîne des Dahomeyides au Togo : Implications géodynamiques. Mém. DEA, Lab. Dyn. Lithos. Univ. J. Monnet, St-Etienne, 29p. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28332.92809
14. Ganade de Araujo, C.E., Rubatto, D., Hermann, J., Cordani, U.G., Caby, R., Basei, M.A.S. (2014a). Ediacaran 2,500-km-long synchronous deep continental subduction in the West Gondwana Orogen. Nature Communications, 5:5198. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6198.
15. Harker, A. (1909). The natural history of igneous Rocks. Methuen and Co., London, 384p. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511920424
Irvine, T.N., Baragar, W.R.A. (1971). A guide to chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks. Can. J. Earth Sci., 8: 523-548. https://doi.org/10.1139/e71-055
16. Kpanzou, S.A.M. (2017). Etude pétrographique et structurale du massif de Djabatouré et des massifs adjacents. Mém. Master, FDS, Univ. Lomé, 31p.
17. Kpanzou, S.A.M. (2023). Contribution à l’étude du complexe basique-ultrabasique de Djabatouré-Anié (Centre-Togo) : Caractéristiques pétrostructurales, géochimiques et indices de minéralisations associés. Thèse de Doctorat unique, FDS, Univ. Lomé, 232p.
18. Kpanzou, S.A.M., Agbossoumondé, Y., Tairou, M.S. (2019). Caractérisation pétrostructurale du massif granulitique de Djabatouré. J. Rech. Sci. Univ. Lomé (Togo), Spécial 2019, 21(4-2) : 509-519. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jrsul/article/view/206992
19. Kpanzou, S.A.M., Agbossoumondé, Y., González Jiménez, J.M., Tairou, M.S., Garcia-Casco, A. (2022). Pétrologie et métallogénie des indices de Ni-Cr associés au massif basique-ultrabasique de Oké, Togo. Afrique SCIENCE 21(1) : 53-69. https://www.afriquescience.net/PDF/21/1/5.pdf
20. Kwayisi, D., Elburg, M., Lehmann, J. (2021). Preserved ancient oceanic lithosphere within the Buem structural unit at the eastern margin of the west African craton, LITHOS (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106585
21. McDonough, W.F., Sun, S.S. (1995). The composition of the Earth. Chemical Geology 120, pp. 223–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4
22. Ménot, R.-P. (1977). Les massifs basiques et ultrabasiques antémétamorphiques de la bordure Ouest du mole Dahoméo-nigérian. Essai de synthèse bibliographique. Ann. Univ. Bénin, Lomé, pp. 53-94. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327822999
23. Ménot, R.-P. (1980). Les massifs basiques et ultrabasiques de la zone mobile panafricaine au Ghana, Togo et au Bénin. Etat de la question. Bull. soc. Géol. Fr., 7 : 297-303. https://doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.S7-XXII.3.297
24. Ménot, R.-P. (1982). Les éclogites des Monts Lato : un témoin de l’évolution tectono-métamorphique de la chaîne pan-africaine du Togo (Afrique de l’Ouest). Ist. intern. Eclogite Conf., Terra Cognita, 2, (3), 320p.
https://www.persee.fr/doc/geoly_0750-6635_1982_num_87_1_1513
Ménot, R.-P., Seddoh, K.F. (1980). Le massif basique stratifié précambrien de Djabatoure-Soutouboua (région centrale du Togo, Afrique de l’Ouest). Pétrologie et évolution métamorphique. Bulletin du B.R.G.M. 4(4) : 319–337.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260887781
25. Ménot, R.-P., Seddoh, K.F. (1985). The eclogites of Lato Hills (South Togo, West Africa): relies from early tectonometamorphic evolution of the Pan-African orogeny. Chemical Geology, 50, pp. 313–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90126-3
26. Meschede, M. (1986). A method of discrimination between different types of mid-ocean ridge basalts and continental tholeiites with Nb-Zr-Y diagram. Chemical Geology, 56 : 207-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90004-5
27. Middlemost, E.A.K. (1994). Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system. Earth Science Reviews, 37 (3-4), pp. 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(94)90029-9
28. Nakamura, N. (1974). Determination of REE, Fe, Mg, Na and K in Carbonaceous and ordinary Chondrites. Geochemica and Cosmochimica Act, 38, 757-775.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(74)90149-5
29. Sabi, B.E. (2007). Etude pétrologique et structurale du Massif Kabyè, Nord-Togo. Thèse Doctorat, FDS, Univ. Lomé, 256p.
30. Shand, S.J. (1943). Eruptive Rocks. Their Genesis, Composition, Classification and Their Relations to Ore deposits. 2nd edition, Murby London, 444p. https://www.scirp.org/(S(czeh2tfqyw2orz553k1w0r45))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1945539
31. Sylvain, J.P., Collart, J., Aregba, A., Godonou, S. (1986). Notice explicative de la carte géologique 1/500.0000è du Togo, Mém. n°6, D.G.M.G./B.N.R.M., Lomé – Togo. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=+author:J.P.%20Sylvain
32. Tairou, M.S., Affaton, P., Sabi, B.E., Seddoh, K.F. (2009). Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Mo and Kara-Niamtougou Orthogneic Suites, Northern Togo. Global Jour. of Geological Sciences, vol. 7, n°2, pp. 93-100.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287411921
33. Tairou, M.S., Affaton, P. (2013). Structural Organization and Tectono-Metamorphic Evolution of the Pan-African Suture Zone: Case of the Kabye and Kpaza Massifs in the Dahomeyide Orogen in Northern Togo (West Africa). International Journal of Geosciences 04, 166-182. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2013.41015
34. Tairou, M.S., Miningou, Y.M.W., Da Costa, Y.D., Kwekam, M. (2022). Petrostructural and Geochemical Characteristics of the Metamagmatites in the External Zone of the Dahomeyides Belt: Case of the Kantè Serpentinites (Northern Togo). International Journal of Geosciences, 2022, 13, 779-792. https://www.scirp.org/journal/ijg
Published
2023-07-29
How to Cite
Malibida Kpanzou, S. A., Alayi, G., Agbossoumonde, Y., Tairou, M. S., Gonzalez-Jimenez, J. M., & Garcia-Casco, A. (2023). Petrographic and Geochemical Characteristics of the Djabatoure Massif Metamagmatites from Pan-African Orogen in Togo, West Africa. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 19, 564. Retrieved from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/17014
Section
ESI Preprints
Copyright (c) 2023 Sarakawa Abalo Malibida Kpanzou, Gnanwasou Alayi, Yao Agbossoumonde, Mahaman Sani Tairou, José María Gonzalez-Jimenez, Antonio Garcia-Casco
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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