El potencial terapéutico del Sistema Endocannabinoide en el tratamiento del acné: revisión sistemática
Abstract
El acné es una afección compleja que afecta a millones de personas en todo el mundo, está constituida por unidades pilosebáceas de la piel y aparece tanto en forma inflamatoria como no inflamatoria. Dada su naturaleza multifactorial, el tratamiento del acné a menudo implica una variedad de terapias integrales, que pueden aumentar los costos. Objetivo: realizar una investigación teórica sobre la fisiopatología del acné y sus características para enfocar dicho conocimiento en el establecimiento de nuevas dianas terapéuticas como el sistema endocannabinoide que mejore el entendimiento para el desarrollo potencial de tratamientos más efectivos contra este padecimiento. Métodos. Se utilizaron plataformas para la búsqueda de la información, considerando algunas palabras clave como: "Endocannabinoid System", "sebaceous glands" and "acne vulgaris". Resultados: Se encontraron alrededor de 3,242 artículos, en el buscador de PubMed, "Acne vulgaris" (1,588), "Endocannabinoid System" (812), "sebaceous glands" (842). En el Google schoolar, se encontraron alrededor de 199,000, 93,800 y 135,000 artículos respectivamente. Los principales hallazgos mencionan que entre los años 1990 – 2022, los estudios epidemiológicos en Europa y Reino Unido mostraron prevalenciea de la cepa Cutibacterium acnes resistente a distintos antibióticos como la eritromicina y clindamicina, siendo los sebocitos, queranocitos cutáneas y mastocitos, las células que presentan componentes del sistema endocannabinoide; reportándose algunos cannabinoides con efecto sobre la lipogénesis de éstas células. Conclusión: El sistema endocannabinoide se considera una diana terapéutica potencial para el tratamiento del acné debido a que las glándulas sebáceas muestran relación con este sistema, presentando efectos antiinflamatorios y antiproliferativos sobre células dérmicas.
Millions of people worldwide suffer from acne, a complicated disorder that can be either inflammatory or non-inflammatory and affects the skin's pilosebaceous units. Because acne is complex, treating it frequently entails using a range of integrative therapies, which might raise expenses. Aim: To conduct theoretical research on acne pathophysiology and its features to concentrate that knowledge on identifying novel therapeutic targets, such as the endocannabinoid system, which advances our understanding of the condition and may lead to the creation of more potent treatments. Methods: Information was found using platforms that took into account keywords like "Endocannabinoid System," "sebaceous glands", and "acne vulgaris". Findings: The PubMed search engine yielded about 3,242 articles about "Acne vulgaris" (1,588), "Endocannabinoid System" (812), and "sebaceous glands" (842). Google Scholar yielded about 199,000, 93,800, and 135,000 articles, respectively. The main findings mention that between the years 1990 - 2022, epidemiological studies in Europe and the United Kingdom showed the prevalence of Cutibacterium acnes strain resistant to different antibiotics such as erythromycin and clindamycin, with sebocytes, skin keranocytes and mast cells being the cells that present components of the endocannabinoid system. Therefore, some cannabinoids have been reported to affect the lipogenesis of these cells. Conclusion: Because of its association with the sebaceous glands and its anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects on dermal cells, the endocannabinoid system is thought to be a promising therapeutic target for acne treatment.
Downloads
Metrics
PlumX Statistics
References
2. Ali, A., Akhtar, N. (2015). The safety and efficacy of 3% cannabis seeds extract cream for reduction of human cheek skin sebum and erythema content. Pak J Pharm Sci. 28(4),1389–1395.
3. Alkhawaja, E., Hammadi, S., Abdelmalek, M., Mahasneh, N., Alkhawaja, B., Abdelmalek, S. M. (2020). Antibiotic resistant Cutibacterium acnes among acne patients in Jordan: a cross sectional study. BMC Dermatol. 20(1),17.
4. Auffret, N., Claudel, J. P., Leccia, M. T., Ballanger, F., Dreno, B. (2022). Novel and emerging treatment options for acne vulgaris. Eur J Dermatol. 32(4):451-458.
5. Asai, Y., Baibergenova, A., Dutil, M., Humphrey, S., Hull, P., Lynde, C., Poulin, Y., Shear, N., Tan, J., Toole, J., Zip C. (2016). Management of acne: Canadian clinical practice guideline. CMAJ. 188(2),118-126.
6. Bíró, T., Tóth, B. I., Haskó, G., Paus, R., Pacher, P. (2009). The endocannabinoid system of the skin in health and disease: novel perspectives and therapeutic opportunities. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 30(8),411-20.
7. Coates, P., Vyakrnam, S., Eady, E. A., Jones, C. E., Cove, J. H., Cunliffe, W. J. (2002). Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria on the skin of acne patients: 10-year surveillance data and snapshot distribution study. Br J Dermatol. 146(5),840-8.
8. Dessinioti, C., Katsambas, A. (2022). Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Acne: Epidemiological Trends and Clinical Practice Considerations. Yale J Biol Med. 95(4), 429-443.
9. Dessinioti, C. & Katsambas, A. D. (2010). The role of Propionibacterium acnes in acne pathogenesis: facts and controversies. Clin Dermatol. 28(1),2-7.
10. Díaz-Alonso, J., Paraíso-Luna, J., Navarrete, C., Del Río, C., Cantarero, I., Palomares, B., Aguareles, J., Fernández-Ruiz, J., Bellido, M. .L, Pollastro, F., Appendino, G., Calzado, M. A., Galve-Roperh, I., Muñoz, E. (2016). VCE-003.2, a novel cannabigerol derivative, enhances neuronal progenitor cell survival and alleviates symptomatology in murine models of Huntington's disease. Sci Rep. 6,29789.
11. Dumont-Wallon, G., Moyse, D., Blouin, E., Dréno, B. (2010). Bacterial resistance in French acne patients. Int J Dermatol. 49(3),283-8.
12. Giuffrida, A., Beltramo, M., Piomelli, D. (2001). Mechanisms of endocannabinoid inactivation: biochemistry and pharmacology. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 298(1),7-14.
13. Grice, E. A., Kong, H. H., Renaud, G., Young, A. C., NISC Comparative Sequencing Program., Bouffard, G. G., Blakesley, R. W., Wolfsberg, T. G., Turner, M. L., Segre, J.A. (2008). A diversity profile of the human skin microbiota. Genome Res. 18(7),1043-50.
14. Hasanein, P. (2009). The endocannabinoid transport inhibitor AM404 modulates nociception in cholestasis. Neurosci Lett. 462(3),230-4.
15. Isard, O., Knol, A.C., Ariès, M.F., Nguyen, J.M., Khammari, A., Castex-Rizzi, N., Dreno, B. (2011). Propionibacterium acnes activates the IGF-1/IGF-1R system in the epidermis and induces keratinocyte proliferation. J Invest Dermatol. 131(1),59-66.
16. Katsambas, A., Dessinioti, C. (2008). New and emerging treatments in dermatology: acne. Dermatol Ther. 21(2),86-95.
17. Kistowska, M., Meier, B., Proust, T., Feldmeyer, L., Cozzio, A., Kuendig, T., Contassot, E., French, L. E. (2015). Propionibacterium acnes promotes Th17 and Th17/Th1 responses in acne patients. J Invest Dermatol. 135(1),110-118.
18. Kistowska, M., Gehrke, S., Jankovic, D., Kerl, K., Fettelschoss, A., Feldmeyer, L., Fenini, G., Kolios, A., Navarini, A., Ganceviciene, R., Schauber, J., Contassot, E., French, L. E. (2014). IL-1β drives inflammatory responses to propionibacterium acnes in vitro and in vivo. J Invest Dermatol. 134(3),677-685.
19. Kim, H. J., Kim, Y. H. (2024). Exploring Acne Treatments: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Emerging Therapies. Int J Mol Sci. 25(10):5302.
20. Kutlu, Ö., Karadağ, A. S., Wollina, U. (2023). Adult acne versus adolescent acne: a narrative review with a focus on epidemiology to treatment. An Bras Dermatol. 98(1):75-83.
21. Litardo, J. (2018). Utilización de estrategias de apoyo para prevenir el acné en los jóvenes de la unidad educativa “17 de mayo” Cantón Quevedo 2017. Quevedo, Ecuador: Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo.
22. Luk, N. M., Hui, M., Lee, H. C, Fu, L. H., Liu, Z. H., Lam, L. Y., Eastel, M., Chan, Y. K., Tang, L. S., Cheng, T. S., Siu, F. Y., Ng, S. C., Lai, Y. K., Ho, K. M. (2013). Antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes among acne patients in a regional skin centre in Hong Kong. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 27(1),31-6.
23. Mendoza, N., Hernández, P. O., Tyring, S. K., Haitz, K. A, Motta, A. (2013). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes isolates from acne patients in Colombia. Int J Dermatol. 52(6),688-92.
24. Moradi, T. S., Makrantonaki, E., Ganceviciene, R., Dessinioti, C., Feldman, S. R., Zouboulis, C. C. (2015). Acne vulgaris. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 1, 15029.
25. Moon, S. H., Roh, H. S., Kim, Y. H., Kim, J. E., Ko, J. Y., Ro, Y. S. (2012). Antibiotic resistance of microbial strains isolated from Korean acne patients. J Dermatol. 39(10), 833-7.
26. Nast, A., Dréno, B., Bettoli, V., Bukvic, Mokos, Z., Degitz, K., Dressler, C., Finlay, A. Y., Haedersdal, M., Lambert, J., Layton, A., Lomholt, H. B., López-Estebaranz, J. L., Ochsendorf, F., Oprica, C., Rosumeck, S., Simonart, T., Werner, R. N., Gollnick, H. (2016). European evidence-based (S3) guideline for the treatment of acne - update 2016 - short version. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 30(8),1261-8.
27. Oláh, A., Markovics, A., Szabó-Papp, J., Szabó, P. T., Stott, C., Zouboulis, C. C., Bíró t. (2016). Differential effectiveness of selected non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids on human sebocyte functions implicates their introduction in dry/seborrhoeic skin and acne treatment. Exp Dermatol. 25(9),701-7.
28. Oláh, A., Tóth, B. I., Borbíró, I., Sugawara, K., Szöllõsi, A. G., Czifra, G., Pál, B., Ambrus, L., Kloepper, J., Camera, E., Ludovici, M., Picardo, M., Voets, T., Zouboulis, C. C., Paus, R., Bíró, T. (2014). Cannabidiol exerts sebostatic and antiinflammatory effects on human sebocytes. J Clin Invest. 124(9),3713-24.
29. Reddy, V., Grogan, D., Ahluwalia, M., Salles, É.L., Ahluwalia, P., Khodadadi, H., Alverson, K., Nguyen, A., Raju, S. P., Gaur, P., Braun, M., Vale, F. L., Costigliola, V., Dhandapani, K., Baban, B., Vaibhav, K. (2020). Targeting the endocannabinoid system: a predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine-directed approach to the management of brain pathologies. EPMA J. 11(2),217-250.
30. Santer, M., Burden-The, E., Ravenscroft, J. (2023). Managing acne vulgaris: an update. Drug Ther Bull. 62(1):6-10.
31. Stasiulewicz, A., Znajdek, K., Grudzień, M., Pawiński, T., Sulkowska, A. J.I. (2020). A Guide to Targeting the Endocannabinoid System in Drug Design. Int J Mol Sci. 21(8),2778.
32. Stewart, T. J., & Bazergy, C. (2018). Hormonal and dietary factors in acne vulgaris versus controls. Dermatoendocrinol. (1), e1442160.
33. Tan, H. H., Tan, A. W., Barkham, T., Yan, X. Y., Zhu, M. (2007). Community-based study of acne vulgaris in adolescents in Singapore. Br J Dermatol. 157(3),547-51.
34. Tóth, K. F., Ádám, D., Bíró, T., Oláh, A. (2019). Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the "C(ut)annabinoid" System. Molecules. 24(5),918.
35. Williams, H., Dellavalle, R., Garner, S. (2012). Acne Vulgaris. The lancet. 379.
36. Xu, J., Mavranezouli, I., Kuznetsov, L., Stephen Murphy, M., Healy, E. (2021). Guideline Committee. Management of acne vulgaris: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 20,374:n1800.
37. Zaenglein, A. L., Pathy, A. L., Schlosser, B. J., Alikhan, A., Baldwin, H. E., Berson, D. S., Bowe, W. P., Graber, E. M., Harper, J. C., Kang, S., Keri, J. E., Leyden, J. J., Reynolds, R. V., Silverberg, N. B., SteinGold, L. F., Tollefson, M. M., Weiss, J. S., Dolan, N. C., Sagan, A. A., Stern, M., Boyer, K. M., Bhushan, R. (2016). Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 74(5), 945-73.
38. Zákány, N., Oláh, A., Markovics, A., Takács, E., Aranyász, A., Nicolussi, S., Piscitelli, F., Allarà, M., Pór, Á., Kovács, I., Zouboulis, C.C., Gertsch, J., Di Marzo, Vincenzo., Bíró, T., Szabó T. (2018). Endocannabinoid Tone Regulates Human Sebocyte Biology. J Invest Dermatol. 138(8),1699-1706.
Copyright (c) 2024 Luis Aldo Zatarain-López, Uriel Ulises Rodríguez-Mejía, Dalia Samanta Aguilar-Ávila, Nicte Selene Fajardo Robledo, Edgardo Flores-Torales, Paola Trinidad Villalobos-Gutiérrez, Juan Manuel Viveros-Paredes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.