20.000+ authors from all around the globe Over 8 million website visits Open Access
ESJ is a peer-reviewed mega journal, which accepts high quality academic articles. The journal is issued monthly and is available for all the researchers who are interested in publishing their scientific achievements. Supporting the concept of interdisciplinarity we welcome submissions in different academic areas.
In the past few years, thousands of academicians, from over 120 countries around the globe, have published their papers in the European Scientific Journal, ESJ. The excellent and agile team, composed of distinguished researchers, from more than 450 universities worldwide, is crucial to the prestigious status that our journal enjoys.
Every month, three issues of the ESJ are uploaded on our website, embracing different academic disciplines and facilitating the cutting edge concepts of interdisciplinarity, multidisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity. They are:
Issue 1: Economics, Law and Education
Issue 2: Humanities
Issue 3: Life Sciences.
Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice
The European Scientific Journal (ESJ) is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against any publication malpractices. All authors submitting their works to the ESJ for publication as original articles attest that the submitted works represent their authors contributions and have not been copied or plagiarized in whole or in part from other works. The authors acknowledge that they have disclosed all and any actual or potential conflicts of interest with their work or partial benefits associated with it. In the same manner, the ESJ is committed to objective and fair peer - review of the submitted for publication works and to prevent any actual or potential conflict of interests between the editorial and review personnel and the reviewed material. Any departures from the above-defined rules should be reported directly to the Editor-in-Chief, who is unequivocally committed to providing swift resolutions to any of such a type of problems.
European Scientific Journal (ESJ)
ISSN: 1857 - 7881 (Print)
ISSN: 1857 - 7431 (Online)
Contact: contact@eujournal.org
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'eujournal.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.
Publisher: European Scientific Institute, ESI.
ESI cooperates with Universities and Academic Centres on 5 continents.
Offices: Portugal, Macedonia, Argentina
Email: contact@eujournal.org
Announcements
News |
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October/2018: 8 members of the ESJ editorial board have attended the 13th International Scientific Forum, ISF 4-6 October in Fez, Morocco. September/2018: 7 members of the ESJ editorial board have attended the 8th Eurasian Multidisciplinary Forum, EMF 6-7 September in Tbilisi, Georgia. August/2018: Belen Martinez-Ferrer, a Professor at Pablo Olavide University in Spain, is appointed an ESJ associate editor. Her Google Scholar profile at the following link https://scholar.google.bg/citations?user=bBDrHL8AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao July/2018: ESJ`s citation impact in 2018, according to Google Scholar: h5-index 31 h5-median 46 https://scholar.google.bg/citations? hl=en&view_op=list_hcore&venue=MQTZLImPvHEJ.2018 April/2018: 10 members of the ESJ editorial board have attended during the 12th International Scientific Forum, ISF 26-27 April in Prague. January/2018: Dr. Antonio Pulido Bosch, Professor at the University of Almeria, Spain and Dr. Pilar Caceres Reche, Professor at the University of Granada, Spain are appointed ESJ associate editors. January/2018: ESJ Reviewers of the year 2017: November/2017: 15 ESJ/ESI reviewers are present at the 9th International Scientific Forum, ISF 2017 at the University of Cambridge, UK. October/2017: 10 ESJ/ESI reviewers have attended the 7h Eurasian Multidisciplinary Forum, EMF 2017 at Grigol Robakidze University in Tbilisi, Georgia. September/2017: 11 ESJ/ESI reviewers have attended the 8th International Scientific Forum, ISF at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. July/2017: ESJ citation impact in 2017, according to Google Scholar: h-index 26 h-median 32 June/2017: Dr. Tiffany T. Boury, professor at Franciscan University of Steubenvile, USA, has been appointed associate editor for the European Scientific Journal, ESJ. March/2017: Read the interview with Dr. Monika Bolek. One of the ESJ`s outstanding reviewers. March/2017: ESI/ESJ signed a Memo of Understanding with Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. January/2017: ESJ 2016 Reviewers of the year: December/2016: Disclaimer: The European Scientific Journal, ESJ did not publish an article on 9/11 attacks.PDF November/2016: In the process of delivering high quality academic content ESJ also cooperates with Cengage Learning. September/2016: Disclaimer: The European Scientific Journal, ESJ did not publish an article on 9/11 attacks.PDF July/2016: Invited Editorial: Responding to Incivility in the Classroom: A Case Study July/2016: ESJ citation h-index, calculated by Google Scholar. May/2016: ESJ hard copies global dissemination. Photos arrived from Mexico. Share your photos with the ESJ editorial office. May/2016: ESI/ESJ signed an agreement for content preservation with Portico. March/2016: Cpanel Awstats: In the month of March 2016 ESJ website visits: 275,243 by people from 206 Countries or territories. February/2016: ESJ became a Crossref member. Every article will be entitled with specific DOI number. January/2016: ESJ Twitter account https://twitter.com/EuropeanSj January/2016: ESJ Reviewer of the year 2015: Antoni Vidal Sune, Rovira i Virgili University, Spain and Gerry Coulter, Bishop’s University, Canada November/2015: ESJ/ESI became partners of World Academy of Art and Science October/2015: The European Scientific Journal has been included in the Polish Ministry of Education journals` list. https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/journals/47668 September/2015: European Scientific Institute, ESI 5th Anniversary. July/2015: May/2015: ESJ Special edition. Published papers of Pan-American Interdisciplinary Conference, 13-16 March 2015, Buenos Aires, Argentina. April/2015: ESJ Special edition. Published papers of Eurasian Forum on Law and Economics, 19-21 February 2015, Tbilisi, Georgia. March/2015: European Scientific Journal, ESJ submission 2014 map February/2015: European Scientific Institute, ESI becomes member of ICORE (International Community for Open Research and Education). January/2015: Memo of Understanding with Sakarya University/Institute of Educational Sciences, Turkey November/2014: Academic Cooperation established with DSEE/Bilkent University, Turkey October/2014: Academic Cooperation established with North West University, South Africa September/2014: Memorandum of Understanding signed with CITAD/Lusiada University, Lisbon, Portugal August/2014: Memorandum of Understanding with Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India July/2014: European Scientific Journal, ESJ`s editorial note. June/2014: European Scientific Institute, ESI and New York Institute of Tecnology/Center for Global Health, USA have signed Memo of Understanding. May/2014: European Scientific Institute, ESI, Promo Video April/2014: Cooperation with the Middle East University, Jordan March/2014: Cooperation with the University of Almeria, Spain February/2014: Cooperation with the University of Flores, Buenos Aires, Argentina January/2014: United Nations Academic Impact, membership December/2013: Damanhour University, Egypt, partnership November/2013: Memo of Understanding with IBAIS University, Bangladesh November/2013: Partnership established with University of Madeira, Portugal November/2013: Partnership established with UNESCO (World`s Science Day celebration) November/2013: Memo of understanding with Mykolas Romeris University, Lithuania October/2013: Memo of understanding with Cracow University of Economics, Poland October/2013: Memo of understanding with European University of Tirana, Albania September/2013: Memo of understanding with Santiago University, Cape Verde August/2013: Academic Cooperation established with Arab Open University, Lebanon July /2013: Memo of understanding with Botswana Accountancy College, Botswana June /2013: Memo of understanding with the European University of Tirana, Albania May /2013: ESJ`s Index Copernicus Value, ICV, 2011 = 5.09 April /2013: "ESJ`s representative office established at the University of the Azores, Portugal (Coordinator: Jose Noronha Rodrigues) March /2013: " Call for papers launched, ESJ`s special edition with the Grigol Robakidze University, Tbilisi Georgia" (Project Coordinators: Jovan Shopovski, Nino Kermetelidze) February /2013: "Call For Papers", ISF International Scientific Forum, December, 2013, Tirana, Albania (http://isforum.us/) January /2013: "Call For Papers", ESF, Eurasian Scientific FORUM, 24-26 Octiber, 2013, Tbilisi, Georgia (http://emforum.eu/) December/2012: Scientific Cooperation with University "Stefan cel Mare", Suceava, Romania November/2012: Memo of understanding with Vitrina University, Tirana, Albania September/2012: “ESJ” website www.eujournal.org in September 2012 have been visited by more than 8.000 researchers from more than 60 countries worldwide. August/2012: Project: "ESJ" in Spanish. Authors can submit papers in Spanish (with English abstract) (Project coordinator: Mr. Cristian Redi, Professor at the University Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina) July/2012: "Call For Papers", AIIC Annual international interdisciplinary conference, 24, 25, 26 April, 2013, Azores Islands, Portugal (http://aiiconference.net) June/2012: Project: "ESJ" in French. Authors can submit papers in French (with English abstract) May/2012: |
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| Posted: 2012-06-20 | More... |
| More Announcements... |
Vol 14, No 25 (2018): ESJ SEPTEMBER EDITION
Table of Contents
Articles
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Editorial Office
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Juan Alberto Acosta Hernández, Miriam Martínez Vázquez, Arturo Curiel Anaya, Aarón Reyes Rodríguez, Anna Tarasenko, Carlos Rondero Guerrero
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1
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Peter Kalunge Ekabu, Grace Nyagah, Jeremiah.M. Kalai
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17
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Osho, Augustine E., Adebambo Adeniyi
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37
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Nwafor Chimuanya Leonard, A. U Nwanekezi
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54
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Mohamed Hajjaji, Abd Errazzak Khadmaoui, Abd El-Majid Soulaymani, Younes Azzouzi
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63
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Mohammed Hicham Hamri, Amira Qanqom
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76
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Gulnil Aydin, Aybeniz Akdeniz Ar, Elif Dogan Savas
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91
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Layal Omar Temsah, Dalal Michel Moukarzel
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107
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Rosa Espinoza Toalombo, Jenniffer Alchundia, Xavier Layana, Xiomara Zuñiga, Diego Tapia, Wilmer Espinoza
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126
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Komal Chaudhry, Muhammad Jawed Iqbal
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142
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Osho, Augustine E., Omolola, Ramat A
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156
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Peter Kalunge Ekabu, Jeremiah M.Kalai, Grace Nyagah
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169
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Qian Zhang
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190
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Beatrice Akoth Awino, Charles Omondi Ondoro, Beatrice Evelyn Abong’o
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216
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John M. Mbunde, Jackson M. Njage-Rwito
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227
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Griselda Cela
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243
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Sahar Moh’d Abu Bakir
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256
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Min Tan, Maoguo Wu
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284
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Aboubacar Yenikoye Ismaël, Adamou Bouba
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293
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Cheng Min
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256
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Mohammed Alzoraiki, Othman bin Ab. Rahman, Mahazan Abdul Mutalib
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322
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M.C. Carlos Ernesto Luquez Gaitán, Alma Alicia Gómez, Stéphan Sberro Picard
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335
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Nouzha Zaoujal, Rachid El Mataoui
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354
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European Scientific Journal (ESJ)
ISSN: 1857 - 7881 (Print)
ISSN: 1857 - 7431 (Online)
Contact: contact@eujournal.org
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'eujournal.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.
Publisher: European Scientific Institute, ESI.
ESI cooperates with Universities and Academic Centres on 5 continents.
